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Bellringer 9/7

Bellringer 9/7. Identify the following as either a chemical or physical change: Burning wood Freezing water Melting point Rusting Tarnishing Luster. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures. Elements, Compounds, & Mixtures.

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Bellringer 9/7

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  1. Bellringer 9/7 • Identify the following as either a chemical or physical change: • Burning wood • Freezing water • Melting point • Rusting • Tarnishing • Luster

  2. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

  3. Elements, Compounds, & Mixtures • Element - pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means. • Each element has a unique chemical name and symbol. • The chemical symbol consists of one, two, or three letters; the first letter is always capitalized and the remaining letter(s) are always lowercase.

  4. Elements • Elements take up one block on the periodic table

  5. Compounds • Compound - combination of two or more different elements that are combined chemically. • water, table salt, table sugar, and aspirin • Unlike elements, compounds can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

  6. Compounds • Chemical symbols of the periodic table make it easy to write the formulas for chemical compounds. • Example: table salt, or sodium chloride, is composed of one part sodium (Na) and one part chlorine (Cl), and its chemical formula is NaCl.

  7. Mixtures • Mixture - combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties.

  8. Types of Mixtures • Mixtures themselves are classified as either heterogeneous or homogeneous. • Heterogeneous mixture • does not blend smoothly throughout • individual substances remain distinct. • Example: sand and water

  9. C. Mixtures • Colloid • heterogeneous • medium-sized particles • Tyndall effect • particles don’t settle • EX: milk

  10. Types of Mixtures • Homogeneous mixture • constant composition throughout; • always has a single phase. • Called a solution. • Example: salt water.

  11. Types of Mixtures • Alloy • homogeneous mixture of metals or metal and a nonmetal • metal substance is the major component.

  12. Categories of Matter Mixtures & Compounds video clip

  13. Separating Mixtures • Substances in a mixture are physically combined • Must use physical processes to separate a mixture

  14. Filtration • Filtration • porous barrier separates a solid from a liquid. • Heterogeneous mixtures composed of solids and liquids are easily separated by filtration.

  15. Distillation • Distillation • separation technique based on differences in the boiling points of the substances involved. • Most homogeneous mixtures of 2 or more liquids can be separated by distillation

  16. Crystallization • Crystallization • results in the formation of pure solid particles of a substance from a solution containing the dissolved substance.

  17. Chromatography • Chromatography – • separates the components of a mixture on the basis of the tendency of each to travel or be drawn across the surface of another material. • The separation occurs because the various components of the ink spread through the paper ant different rates. • Paper Chromatography

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