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Applying Precision Air Conditioning Systems

Applying Precision Air Conditioning Systems. Canatal International Inc. Introduction. Application of Precision Air Conditioning Data Centers Switching Stations Co-Location Facilities. Topics of Discussion. Servers / Switch Gear Temperature & Humidity Control Air Distribution Redundancy

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Applying Precision Air Conditioning Systems

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  1. Applying Precision Air Conditioning Systems Canatal International Inc.

  2. Introduction Application of Precision Air Conditioning • Data Centers • Switching Stations • Co-Location Facilities

  3. Topics of Discussion • Servers / Switch Gear • Temperature & Humidity Control • Air Distribution • Redundancy • Alternating Cold Aisle, Hot Aisle • Perforated Tile Capacity • Design & Planning Stage • Maintenance

  4. Servers / Switch Gear Smaller, More Powerful Driven by semi-conductor capacity • More transistors on a chip • More power consumption per chip • More heat generation

  5. New ASHRAE Document “Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments” • Equipment Environment Specifications • Facility Temperature & Humidity Measurement • Equipment & Facility Layout • Equipment Manufacturers Heat & Airflow Reporting Available @www.ashrae.org, Item Number 90431, or D90431

  6. “Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments” • Equipment Environment Specifications

  7. “Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments” • Equipment Environment Specifications

  8. ASHRAE Class 1 Operating Conditions

  9. ASHRAE Class 1 Operating Conditions Increase Equipment Failures

  10. ASHRAE Class 1 Operating Conditions Increase HVAC Energy Use

  11. “Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments” • Facility Temperature & Humidity Measurement

  12. “Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments” • Equipment & Facility Layout • Recommended Airflow Protocol for Computer Equipment

  13. “Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments” • Equipment & Facility Layout • Recommended Airflow Protocol for Computer Equipment

  14. “Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments” • Equipment & Facility Layout • Recommended Airflow Protocol for Computer Equipment

  15. “Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments” • Equipment Manufacturers Heat & Airflow Reporting

  16. Server / Switch Gear 1U (1.70” H) Server Front View Back View

  17. Server / Switch Gear 2U (3.50” H) Server Front View Back View

  18. Server / Switch Gear 4U (6.80” H) Server Front View Back View

  19. Server / Switch Gear 5U Server – Tower Configuration Front View Back View

  20. Server / Switch Gear Front View Back View

  21. Heat Density Trends Source: Uptime Institute

  22. What is wrong with this picture?

  23. 5 3 4 1a 2 1b What is wrong with this picture? 2 2

  24. External re-circulation: • Top 1/3 portion likely to have higher failure rate

  25. Internal re-circulation: • Add blanking panels to eliminate the problem

  26. Positioning of PAC units • Parallel or Perpendicular to aisles

  27. Temperature Control Challenges • Hot Spots / Hot Zones / Hot Room • Uneven heat load on the floor space • Fluctuating heat loads • Initial low loads

  28. Temperature Control Servers/Switches generate sensible heat • Utilize Precision Air Conditioning Systems with high sensible heat ratios • Unwanted dehumidification is a waste of energy and money

  29. Humidity Control • Independently operated units will fight- simultaneously humidify and dehumidify • Wasting energy and money • Units should work together as a Team

  30. Air Distribution Raised Floor System • Generally more flexible • Easy to move perforated tiles Overhead System • Ducted or Plenum • Make the last length of duct flexible to enable movement of discharge grilles

  31. Air Distribution Deliver Cool Air to the Heat Source Eliminate Short Circuiting • Anytime air returns to the PAC without passing through heat generating servers, routers, switches etc.

  32. Air Distribution Short Circuiting - Common Causes • Obstructions to airflow • Air Leakage • Location of discharge grilles and perforated tiles

  33. Air Distribution – Obstructions Raised Floor System • Electric cable trays, especially with shallow floor heights • Water damp

  34. Air Distribution – Obstructions Practice Recommendations for Position Equipment Racks & Cabinets • Power Distribution Unit (PDU) cables should run under the “Cold Aisles” • Cable trays for telecom cablings should locate under the “ Hot Aisles” • Cabinet should be aligned with one edge along the edge of the cold aisle floor tile • Floor tile cuts should be no larger then necessary to minimize air pressure loss

  35. Air Distribution – Obstructions Practice Recommendations for Position Equipment Racks & Cabinets • Power Distribution Unit (PDU) cables should run under the “Cold Aisles” • Cable trays for telecom cablings should locate under the “ Hot Aisles”

  36. Air Distribution – Obstructions Practice Recommendations for Position Equipment Racks & Cabinets • Power Distribution Unit (PDU) cables should run under the “Cold Aisles” • Cable trays for telecom cablings should locate under the “ Hot Aisles”

  37. Air Distribution – Obstructions Practice Recommendations for Position Equipment Racks & Cabinets • Power Distribution Unit (PDU) cables should run under the “Cold Aisles” • Cable trays for telecom cablings should locate under the “ Hot Aisles”

  38. Air Distribution – Obstructions Practice Recommendations for Position Equipment Racks & Cabinets • Cabinet should be aligned with one edge along the edge of the cold aisle floor tile

  39. Air Distribution – Obstructions

  40. Air Distribution – Oversized Openings Practice Recommendations for Position Equipment Racks & Cabinets • Floor tile cuts should be no larger then necessary to minimize air pressure loss

  41. Air Distribution – Oversized Openings

  42. Air Distribution Obstructions Maximize Floor Height • Floor height restricts air flow volume • High airflow velocities under the floor can negate static pressure differentials and entrain air from above to below • May need scoops

  43. Air Distribution Obstructions

  44. Air Distribution Obstruction Overhead System • Light fixtures, overhead cable trays • Equipment that is taller than the discharge plenum

  45. Air Flow Obstruction

  46. Air Distribution – Obstructions

  47. Air Distribution – Obstructions

  48. Air Distribution – Air Leakage Raised Floor System • Behind the PAC unit • Improper Wire/Cable openings- remove one tile to run wires • Around the perimeter of room • Adversely effects the under floor static pressure hindering the control of airflow

  49. Air Distribution – Air Leakage

  50. Cleanliness and Proper Vapor Barrier in Subfloor

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