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What is a Mineral? 11/21/12

What is a Mineral? 11/21/12. IN: What are the characteristics of all minerals?. 3-1 What are Minerals?. Pgs. 60-63. Solid Inorganic Naturally formed Crystal. What is a mineral?. There are over 2000 minerals on Earth, but only 100 are commonly found.

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What is a Mineral? 11/21/12

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  1. What is a Mineral? 11/21/12 IN: What are the characteristics of all minerals?

  2. 3-1 What are Minerals? Pgs. 60-63

  3. Solid • Inorganic • Naturally formed • Crystal What is a mineral?

  4. There are over 2000 minerals on Earth, but only 100 are commonly found. • 30 minerals make up the majority of the rocks on Earth. • Nevada is #1 mining state in the Union. Mineral Facts

  5. Elements • Pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. What makes up minerals?

  6. All minerals contain one or more of the 92 elements present in the Earth’s crust. What are elements?

  7. There are 92 naturally occurring elements on earth but only 8 elements make over 98% of the minerals on the Earth's crust. Element Facts

  8. Atoms • The smallest part of an element. What are elements made of ?

  9. Compounds • A substance made of two or more elements that have been chemically joined. Most minerals are made of more than one element.

  10. Halite – NaCl – table salt • Made from a compound of sodium and chlorine. • Sodium-a highly reactive metal • Chlorine-a poisonous gas Na + Cl  NaCl Example,

  11. Crystals • Solid, geometric forms of minerals produced by a repeating pattern of atoms that is present through the mineral What is a crystalline structure?

  12. Two types of minerals • Silicate • Nonsilicate Types of minerals

  13. Contain a combination of silicon and oxygen. • Make up 90% of the Earth’s crust. Silicate minerals

  14. Granite • A rock composed of feldspar, mica, and quartz. Feldspar Quartz Mica Example,

  15. Do not contain silicon and oxygen. • 10% of Earth’s minerals are nonsilicates. • There are 6 categories of nonsilicate minerals. Nonsilicate minerals

  16. Minerals that are composed of only one element. • Examples, • Gold • Diamond • Copper • Silver Native elements

  17. Minerals of Nevada http://minerals.state.nv.us/ Mining in Nevada • Mining is the largest industry in rural Nevada and a major contributor to the state's revenue: • Nevada production accounts for 87% of the total US gold production and is the third largest producer in the world behind South Africa and Australia. • Nevada also leads the nation in barite and gypsum production. • Other mineral production includes copper, sand, gravel, limestone, diatomaceous earth and specialty clays. • In 2004, Nevada mining directly employed 11,690 people at an average wage of $63,388. • An additional 51,000 jobs were made possible by vendors of goods and services to the industry. • Nevada mining provides approximately 100 million dollars in state tax revenue every year. Thatʼs enough to buy one new high school ($51M), 300,000 text books ($20M),150 new school buses ($12M)and pay for 400 teachers' annual salaries ($17M).

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