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Aim: How can we characterize the early history of the Jewish people?

Aim: How can we characterize the early history of the Jewish people?. I. Early History. A. Abraham: Patriarch (founder) of the Hebrew people. God tells Abe to move from Mesopotamia to Canaan (Palestine/present day Israel) around 2000 B.C.

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Aim: How can we characterize the early history of the Jewish people?

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  1. Aim: How can we characterize the early history of the Jewish people?

  2. I. Early History A. Abraham:Patriarch (founder) of the Hebrew people. God tells Abe to move from Mesopotamia to Canaan (Palestine/present day Israel) around 2000 B.C. B. Abe’s descendents move to Egypt in 1650 B.C. → eventually enslaved → led to freedom and back to Canaan by Moses (Exodus / celebrated on Passover).

  3. II. Kingdom of Israel (1020 B.C. – 922 B.C.): Strong, unified Hebrew kingdom in Canaan • Saul – Drives out the Philistines. • David – Establishes Jerusalem as the capital, founds a dynasty. • Solomon – Kingdom is at the height of its power

  4. III. Division of the Kingdom • Under Solomon, there are high taxes / forced labor. Leads to revolt in the North. B. 922 → Kingdom divides into 2: • Israel: North (capital is Samaria) • Judah: South (capital is Jerusalem) C. Conflict between the two for 200 years

  5. IV. Widespread Scattering • Israel (North) → Falls to the Assyrians. These Hebrews merge with their neighbors and lose their Jewish identity. B. Judah (South) → Falls to Babylonian Empire under King Nebuchadnezzar. In 586 B.C. Neb destroys Solomon’s Temple and exiles Hebrews to Babylon (Babylonian Captivity). Imagine that you were a Jewish person captured by the Babylonians and taken back to their kingdom. Would you give up your religion in order to survive and integrate into Babylonian society, or would you fight to preserve your culture and religion?

  6. V. Jews and the Persians • Persian leaders Cyrus “the Great” and Darius build a massive empire between 559 B.C. and 486 B.C. • Were merciful rulers, allow Jews to return to Jerusalem and rebuild their temple. • Mixing between Jews and Persians leads to new Persian religion (Zoroastrianism) based on a belief in one god (Ahuramazda).

  7. VI. Future of the Jews • Palestine will later be conquered by Alexander the Great, the Romans and others. Jewish people will experience a Diaspora (scattering of Jews from Palestine to other areas of the world) until 1948! Even though the Hebrews were never a powerful people, how did they influence global history?

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