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World War I

World War I. Causes Militarism – Building Military w/willingness to use it. Alliances - Centuries old practice of inter-marrying. Imperialism – Competition for resources of the world. Nationalism – Pride in country or self-determination. Austria vs. Serbia.

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World War I

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  1. World War I Causes Militarism – Building Military w/willingness to use it. Alliances - Centuries old practice of inter-marrying. Imperialism – Competition for resources of the world. Nationalism – Pride in country or self-determination

  2. Austria vs. Serbia • Serbia was takeover target of Austria and once was part of Austro-Hungarian Empire. • On Serbian Independence Day Archduke Ferdinand visits Sarajevo, Bosnia. • Assassinated by rebel group – Black Hand. • War becomes imminent.

  3. World War I Begins 1914 • War had engulfed Europe • Triple Entente – France, England, Russia • Central Powers – Germany, Austria- Hungary & Italy • US sought to stay neutral. Trade with both sides continues, but President Wilson keeps us out of the war.

  4. The United States Enters World War I - 1917

  5. Trade with Europe

  6. American Neutrality is Hotly Debated. Why? • Wilson wanted trade to prosper but our economic ties to Allies was strong. • Immigrants in US had strong ties to their homelands. • Socialists opposed German vs. American “Imperialist” struggle over resources. • Conscientious Objectors – morally wrong.

  7. Germany Attacks • “Schlieffin Plan” – Hold Russia • Hit Belgium & France & take French ports to cut supply lines • Turn attention to Russia.

  8. British Blockade & Germans Torpedo • German U-boats sink any and all ships that could re-supply Allies. • 1915 - ’16 – 3 ships sunk and Americans die…Lusitania. • Wilson begins campaign for war after he’s re-elected in 1916.

  9. Zimmerman Note • American response • Congress votes for WAR – Enter it - 1917 • Gen. Pershing • “War to end all wars”

  10. Planning & Propaganda • War Industries Board manages resources. • Committee on Public Information • manages nation’s opinion about the war. • Espionage & Sedition Acts prevents • disloyalty or obstructing the war effort. • War Bonds sold to public financed the war.

  11. America Turns the Tide • Millions of fresh American soldiers help • wear down the Central Powers – Allies win. • Germans blamed for the war & Europe • wants revenge for starting it. • Wilson welcomed as a hero & has a plan • for world peace at Treaty of Versailles.

  12. Wilson’s Work for Peace “Fourteen Points” Proposal 1st 5 Points addressed War’s Causes (MAIN) Militarism – Arms buildups Alliances - Secret Treaties Imperialism – Colonies Nationalism- Self Determination Tariffs & Free Trade promotes goodwill

  13. Wilson’s Work for Peace “Fourteen Points” Proposal Next 8 Points Boundary Changes for countries that helped Allies Arab Nations, Poland, Slavic Areas 14th Point – Wilson’s Dream League of Nations US Congress never ratifies membership

  14. Real Treaty of Versailles • Forced Germany to accept war guilt. • Forced Germany to pay everybody war damages - $33 Million. • Created 9 new nations in Eastern Europe • Ignored Russia’s Interests • Harsh treatment of Germany sets stage for WWII

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