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Kimia Organik

Kimia Organik. Kimia Organik. Unsur yang dibahas terutama: Carbon Hidrogen Oksigen Nitrogen Chlor Sulphur, Fluor,. Boron Silikon Bromium Iodium. Kimia Organik. Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with carbon compounds.

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Kimia Organik

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  1. Kimia Organik

  2. Kimia Organik • Unsur yang dibahas terutama: • Carbon • Hidrogen • Oksigen • Nitrogen • Chlor • Sulphur, • Fluor, • Boron • Silikon • Bromium • Iodium

  3. Kimia Organik • Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with carbon compounds. • Kimia organik adalah cabang ilmu kimia yang banyak membahas senyawa berbasis unsur karbon.

  4. Gugus Fungsional • Penggolongan senyawa organik dilakukan atas dasar gugus fungsional yang mereka miliki. • A functional group is a group of atoms that is largely responsible for the chemical behaviour of the parent molecule. • Gugus fungsional adalah sekelompok atom yang sangat bertanggung-jawab terhadap perilaku molekul induknya.

  5. Contoh Kelompok Senyawa Organik • Alcohols • Ethers, • Aldehydes, • Ketones, • Carboxylic acids, • Amines.

  6. Asal Senyawa Organik • All organic compounds are derived from a group of compounds known as hydrocarbons • Seluruh senyawa organik diturunkan dari senyawa Hidrokarbon.

  7. Pengelompokan Hidrokarbon • On the basis of structure, hydrocarbons are divided into two main classess – aliphatic and aromatic. Aliphatic hydricarbons do not contain the benzene group, or the benzene ring, whereas aromatic hydrocarbons contain one or more benzene rings. • Berdasarkan strukturnya, hidrokarbon dikelompokkan menjadi dua: Hidrokarbon aliphatik dan Hidrokarbon aromatik. Hidrokarbon aliphatik tidak mengandung gugus benzene atau cincin benzene, sedangkan hidrokarbon aromatik mengandung minimal satu cincin benzene.

  8. Aliphatic Hydrocarbons • Alkanes • Alkenes • Alkynes • Alkanes have the general formula CnH2n+2, where n = 1, 2, . . . . • Alkana memiliki rumus umum CnH2n+2, dimana n = 1, 2, . . . . Dan n menunjukkan banyaknya atom Karbon tiap molekulnya

  9. The essential characteristic of alkane hydrocarbon • The characteristic of alkane hydrocarbon molecules is that only single covalent bonds are present. • Ciri penting dari molekul hidrokarbon alkana ialah hanya mengandung ikatan kovalen tungga.

  10. Alkana = Hidrokarbon Jenuh • The alkanes are known as saturated hydrocarbons because they contain the maximum number of hydrogen atoms that can bond with the number of carbon atoms present. • Alkana dikenal sebagai hidrokarbon jenuh karena banyaknya atom hidrogen yang berikatan dengan karbon adalah maksimum.

  11. Penggolongan Hidrokarbon

  12. C H O Valensi Carbon = 4 Valensi Hidrogen = 1 Valensi Oksigen =2

  13. Cl O Valensi Nitrogen = 5 N Valensi Hidrogen = 1 Valensi Oksigen = 2

  14. H H C H Methane H Contoh Alkana yang paling sederhana

  15. H H H H C C H Ethane H

  16. H H H H H H C C C H H Prophane

  17. H H H H H H H C C C C H n-Buthane H H

  18. H H H H H H C C C C H H H H iso-Buthane

  19. H H H H H H H H H H C C C C C H H n-PentaneBoiling Point 36.1 0C

  20. H H H H H H H H C C C C C H H H H 2-methylbuthaneBoiling Point 27.9 0C

  21. H H H H H H C C C C C H H H H H H 2,2-dimethylpropaneBoiling Point 9.5 0C

  22. IUPAC • International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

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