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Exhaust System

Exhaust System. Exhaust system components:. 1-Catalytic Converter 2-Muffler 3-Resonator 4-Tail pipe. Catalytic converter. Introduction. Came about in 1975. It converts harmfull pollutants into less harmful emissions. ________________. The main emissions of acar engine.

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Exhaust System

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  1. Exhaust System

  2. Exhaust system components: • 1-Catalytic Converter • 2-Muffler • 3-Resonator • 4-Tail pipe

  3. Catalytic converter Introduction • Came about in 1975. • It converts harmfull pollutants into less harmful emissions . ________________

  4. The main emissions of acar engine • 1-Nitrogen gas (N2 ) ِAir is 78-percent nitrogen gas . 2- Carbon dioxide (CO2) This is aproduct of combustion, the carbon in the fuel bonds with the oxygen in the air. 3-Water vapor ( H2O) This id aproduct of combustion , the hydrogen in the fuel bonds with the oxgen in the air.

  5. Catalytic converter are designed to reduce all three • 1- carbon monoxide (co) Is apoisonous gas that is colorless and odorless. • 2- Hydrocarbons or volatile organic compounds (Vocs) Are major component of smog . • 3- Nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2 called Nox) Are a contributor to smog and acid rain.

  6. Catalytic converter structure There are two different types of catalyst at work 1- a reduction catalyst . 2- and an oxidation catalyst . Both types of aceramic structure coated with a metal catalyst ,usually platinum , rhodium and or palladium.

  7. How catalytic converter work • A- The Reduction catalyst . Is the first stage of the catalytic converter , it usesplatinum and rhodium to help reduce the nox emission. • B-The oxidation catalyst is the second stage of the catalytic converter. It reduces the unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. • C- Control system (O2 sensor ) that monitors the exhaust stream, and uses this information to control the fuel injection system.

  8. The catalytic converter works efficiently at afairly high temperature We can reach this By : • 1- move the catalytic converter closer to the engine . • 2-preheating the catalytic converter .

  9. Catalytic converter in diesel engines Do not work as well in reducing Nox.

  10. 2- Muffler • Cancel out most of an engine’s noise .(sound wave).

  11. Where Does the sound come from ? • Pulses are created when an exhaust valve opens and a burst of high – pressure gas suddenly enters the exhaust system.

  12. How can you cancel out sounds? • If the first wave is at its maximum pressure , the second wave is at its minimum . If both of these waves hit your ear drum , you wouldnot hear anything.

  13. Inside a Muffler

  14. Resonator

  15. Common problems: • 1- corrosion… or more commonly known as Rust • 2- short trips . • 3- oxygen sensor wearing . • 4-The rust in the muffler . • 5- the catalytic converter will become clogged.

  16. References : • http://auto.howstuffworks.com/turbo.htm • http://auto.howstuffworks.com/muffler.htm

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