Introduction

2. Introduction Introduction • This training program reviews the key elements of Yale’s SPCC program established to protect human health and environment from releases of oil and related materials • It will review the following topics: • The procedures in place to prevent releases of oil and related materials • How to prevent a spill from entering the environment and clean up a small spill • How to activate Yale’s Emergency Response Plan • The potential health and safety hazards from exposure to spilled oil • The contents of the SPCC plan To catch leaks or spills, all drums stored horizontally must have secondary containment as illustrated by the drum on the right.

3. Main Menu Applicable Laws and Yale’s Plan Spill Prevention and Control Health and Safety Issues Spill Response

4. Applicable Laws and Yale’s Plan Applicable Laws and Regulations • Federal and State laws govern how oil spills are prevented, responded to and reported • Requires a written plan (SPCC) containing control and response procedures • The Federal regulations that apply include: • EPA’s Oil Pollution and Prevention Regulations (40 CRF 112) • OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910,1200) and Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Standard (29 CFR 1910.120)

5. Applicable Laws and Yale’s Plan Yale’s SPCC Plan • Yale has developed a spill prevention, control and countermeasure plan that: • Inventories oil storage containers • Identifies engineering controls used to prevent spills • Specifies standard operating procedures for: • Minimizing the potential for release • Ensuring a release is quickly identified and contained • Ensuring releases that reach the environment are quickly reported, activating external responders A copy of the spill plan has been placed in your work area and contains a description of oil storage, emergency and spill response procedures, and spill reporting procedures.

6. Applicable Laws and Yale’s Plan Your SPCC Plan The SPCC plan in your work area will contain a full set of appendices.

7. Section Summary Question

8. Spill Prevention and Control Overview • Oil spills or releases may occur due to equipment failure or operator error • Proper engineering design of processes and good work practices prevent releases • Potential oil releases include: • Leaks from ASTs, USTs or piping • Spills during tank filling • Spills or leaks from oil containers • Leaks from oil containing equipment Many oil spills occur while unloading product.

9. Spill Prevention and Control Drum Storage Areas • Store drums upright whenever possible • Place drums on containment pallets if oil can reach the environment or a floor drain if it fails • If secondary containment pallets can not be used, floor drains should be plugged, collared, or fitted with a petroplug • Use secondary containment if dispensing from horizontal drum Drums properly stored with secondary containment.

10. Spill Prevention and Control Drum Storage Areas • A spill kit containing absorbent materials should be located near each major oil storage area • Regularly inspect oil storage and use areas for signs of leaks or spills Spill kit located near drum storage area.

11. Spill Prevention and Control Oil Containing Equipment • Some oil containing equipment have been placed into secondary containment • If not, keep leaking oil out of floor drains by: • Promptly reporting leaks • Placing adsorbent material around equipment • Plugging or covering the floor drain • Most floor drains in processing areas pass through oil water separators but these can be overloaded. Transformers placed in secondary containment.

12. Spill Prevention and Control Oil Containing Equipment • Some oil containing equipment have been placed into secondary containment • If not, keep leaking oil out of floor drains by: • Promptly reporting leaks • Placing adsorbent material around equipment • Plugging or covering the floor drain • Most floor drains in processing areas pass through oil water separators but these can be overloaded. Oil from leaking equipment approaching floor drain.

13. Spill Prevention and Control Oil Containing Equipment • Some oil containing equipment have been placed into secondary containment • If not, keep leaking oil out of floor drains by: • Promptly reporting leaks • Placing adsorbent material around equipment • Plugging or covering the floor drain • Most floor drains in processing areas pass through oil water separators but these can be overloaded. Absorbent material used to contain an oil leak.

14. Spill Prevention and Control Above Ground Tanks (ASTs) • ASTs must be double walled or placed in secondary containment • The containment should be capable of holding 110% of the tanks contents (capacity) • Double walled tanks have interstitial monitoring • Tanks are equipped with high level alarms • Regularly inspect above ground tanks for signs of leaks Single walled tanks must have secondary containment that can hold the entire contents of a tank should it fail.

15. Spill Prevention and Control Underground Tanks (USTs) Spill prevention controls for USTs include: • USTs and associated piping are double walled • Interstitial spaces are monitored for leaks • Steel USTs and piping are provided with corrosion protection systems • Tanks are equipped with high level alarms • Subgrade spill containment wells contain small spills during delivery • Systems must be tested and maintained annually New underground storage tank protection features include those listed above.

16. Spill Prevention and Control Tank Filling Operations • Most oil spills occur during tank filling • If possible, verify tank levels with stick readings before taking delivery of oil • Tank delivery SOPs require: • A Yale employee to be present during delivery • The placement of adsorbent booms between fill and storm drains • Closure of storm drain valves, if present • Spill kits are located nearby • Inspections of tank filling area must be conducted regularly Most oil spills occur from over- filling tanks. Always check the tank capacity before filling.

17. Spill Prevention and Control Facility specific Information – Power Plants

18. Section Summary Question

19. Health and Safety Issues Environmental Damage • Oil spills may threaten human health as well as the environment • If released into the environment oil may: • Disrupt water treatment facilities • Coat wildlife • Poison the food chain • Damage to the environment may occur if oil reaches: • The soil • Floor or storm drains • Sumps discharging to surface waters Oil spreads across the surface of water destroying aquatic habitats and harming the environment.

20. Health and Safety Issues Health Hazards • The health hazard is dependent on: • Materials composition • Nature of the exposure • Oil is not considered very toxic but may contain small quantities of materials considered toxic • Avoid breathing oil mists and vapors and contaminating your skin • The oil product’s MSDS contains health and safety information • Review the oil product’s MSDS and follow appropriate work practices A substance’s MSDS contains valuable health and safety information and is available in your work area.

21. Health and Safety Issues Health Hazards • The primary hazard is skin irritation resulting direct skin contact • Wear PPE to prevent skin contact • More serious health effects can occur when: • Working in areas lacking ventilation and contaminated with oil • Working with heated oil open to the atmosphere • Heavy skin contact or immersion • In these situations, contact OEHS for a hazard assessment • Exposure to high vapor/mist concentrations may result in nausea, headache, light headedness or eye irritation Oil is more hazardous in confined spaces.

22. Health and Safety Issues Fire Hazard • Oil is a combustible liquid • The fire hazard increases if the oil is heated or contacts hot equipment • Oil will serve as a fuel for existing fire Oil fires burn extremely hot and are difficult to extinguish.

23. Section Summary Question

24. Spill Response Spill Response • Oil spills may be of two types: • Incidental spills • Non-incidental spills Incidental spill Non-incidental spill

25. Spill Response Incidental Spills • Incidental spills represent a low risk to personnel and the environment • Incidental spills can be adsorbed and controlled at the time of release by trained employees working in the area • A quart of oil that has leaked onto the floor is an incidental spill Keep oil spills from spreading by using absorbent materials.

26. Spill Response What is considered an incidental spill? • The spill is contained, or if not, is no more than five gallons • The spill will not reach a floor or storm drain or contact soil outside the plant • The spill can be cleaned up wearing PPE to prevent skin and eye contact such as booties, gloves and eye protection Incidental oil spills can be cleaned up by properly trained employees.

27. Spill Response Non-incidental Spills • Non-incidental spills have the potential to harm the environment or represent a risk to human health • These spills must be addressed by OEHS or a qualified emergency response contractor • Non-incidental spills must be immediately reported to: • OEHS (785-3555) (week days 8:30-5:00) • Campus Police Dispatcher (off hours) • Main campus (111) • West campus (785-5555) Large spills are handled by contractors after making appropriate notifications.

28. Spill Response Spill Reporting • When calling in a non-incidental spill be prepared to provide the following information: • The name and quantity of material released • The source of spill and current status • Whether the spill has reached the environment • OEHS must report some non-incidental spills immediately to Federal and State governmental agencies Report non-incidental spills to OEHS or the campus police dispatcher immediately.

29. Spill Response Spill Response Flow Chart

30. Spill Response Spill Kits • Spill clean up materials are placed in areas where oil is stored or used in large quantities • Spill clean up materials typically include: • Personal protective equipment • Absorbent materials (socks, pillows, pads, booms, and granular material) • Tools to assist in clean up • Bags for disposal Spill kits are placed close to oil storage areas.

31. Spill Response Spill Response – Incidental Spill If you find an incidental oil spill: • Alert the control room that an incidental oil spill has occurred. • Assess spill • Spill source • Material and quantity • Potential hazards • Potential environmental receptors • Protect floor drains, sumps, storm drains and other pathways leading to the environment with plugs, pigs or drain covers Always alert the control room immediately if you find an incidental spill.

32. Spill Response Spill Response – Incidental Spill • Put on protective equipment to keep oil from contaminating your skin, clothing or eyes including: • booties or shoe covers • heavy rubber gloves • eye protection • Surround the spill with absorbent material such as pads or pigs. • Absorb the spill • Collect residue, place in container, label and dispose as waste oil. • Clean spill area with detergent and water Wearing personal protective equipment, clean up an incidental spill with absorbent material.

33. Spill Response Spill Response Remember… • If a spill is NOT incidental, you should not clean it up. • Activate the Yale emergency response system • Never endanger yourself or others • Call for assistance if you don’t know how to proceed Non-incidental spills are handled by OEHS or qualified emergency response contractors.

34. Section Summary Question

35. Summary and Exit to Quiz To prevent oil spills and leaks from occurring and to quickly contain those that do, it is important for you to: • Follow the procedures outlined in the SPCC plan • Periodically inspect tanks, equipment and containers for leaks • Identify potential receptors of a spill and be prepared to protect them • Know the location of spill response equipment • Contain and clean-up incidental spills quickly • Immediately report non-incidental spills

36. Exit to Quiz Course Credit In order to obtain credit for participating in this training program you must click on the appropriate link below, sign into Yale’s training management system, and take the quiz. Thanks for participating in this training program.