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Workers are exposed to six different categories of workplace hazards: biological, chemical, physical, safety, ergonomic, and psychosocial.
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What are Workplace Hazards? When there is a possibility of harm, disease, or death at work, the environment is considered hazardous. Tools, poisonous materials, unsafe working practices, and human behavior are just a few of the many work-related variables that might be risky.
The 6 Categories of Workplace Hazards Let’s discuss each hazard in more detail…
Biological HazardsBacteria | Viruses | Fungi | Mold | Bloodborne Pathogens | Bird Droppings | Infectious Animals | Hazardous Waste • Biological hazards are caused by living organisms that produce hazardous substances that can enter the human body either by breathing, touching, ingesting, or injection.
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Chemical HazardsChemical Toxic Substances Chemical hazards are caused by exposure to toxic chemical substances in the form of solids, liquids, gases, fumes, vapors, mists, and dusts. Workers can be exposed to chemical hazards by direct contact with skin also known as absorption, through inhalation, and either by accidentally eating or drinking a toxic substance or chemical.
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Physical HazardsNoise | Heat Stress | Cold Stress | Radiation Hazards that cause a physical injury to a worker due to the workplace environment having excessive levels of ionizing and nonionizing electromagnetic radiation, noise, vibration, illumination, and temperature are known as physical hazards.
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Safety HazardsFalls | Trips | Slips | Falling Objects | Shocks | Electrocution Safety hazards occur due to unexpected and avoidable circumstances. The danger to workers from safety hazards can vary. They can either be negligible such as a small cut, a little more serious such as a broken hand, or can be serious with long-term repercussions such as a spine injury, and even cause death.
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Ergonomic HazardsMusculoskeletal Injuries • Ergonomics is the science of researching and evaluating various tasks in the workplace such as • lifting • holding • sitting • pushing • walking • reaching • that can cause discomfort or injury to the human body.
Psychosocial HazardsMental Health or Well-Being Psychosocial hazards can occur due to the workplace environment or work stress. Workplaces, where there is discrimination, harassment, victimization, or a generally negative perception by employees, can lead to such hazards.
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References: • Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. (2021, May 06). The Economics Daily. Fatal and nonfatal falls, slips, and trips in the construction industry. Website. https://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2021/fatal-and-nonfatal-falls-slips-and-trips-in-the-construction-industry.htm • U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). (1998, Revised). OSHA Information Booklet #3143 -- Industrial Hygiene. Website. https://www.osha.gov/publications/OSHA3143 • U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). (2022, Revised). OSHA Publication #3071 -- Job Hazard Analysis. Website. https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/publications/osha3071.pdf