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Cellular Energy: ATP and Carbohydrates

This article explores how cells use energy for various processes and the role of ATP and carbohydrates in providing energy. It discusses the structure and function of chloroplasts, the use of energy for active transport, cell movement, synthesis of biomolecules, and the storage and release of energy through ATP. The article also highlights the importance of carbohydrates, particularly glucose, in supplying energy to cells.

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Cellular Energy: ATP and Carbohydrates

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  1. http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/chloroplasts.htmlhttp://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/chloroplasts.html ENERGY & LIFE http://www.science.siu.edu/plant-biology/PLB117/JPEGs%20CD/0076.JPG

  2. http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm Remember… _____________ can make their own food usingenergy from sunlight. AUTOTROPHS Ex: Green plants, a few bacteria http://www.seorf.ohiou.edu/~tstork/compass.rose/photosynthesis/chloro_sun_bathing.gif

  3. http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm Remember… HETEROTROPHS __________________ get energy by consumingother organisms Ex: Animals, fungi, most bacteria http://www.epa.gov/region5/superfund/ecology/images/fishcartoon.gif

  4. Remember… WHAT DO CELLS USE ENERGY FOR ? ACTIVE TRANSPORT Na+ - K + PUMPEndocytosis Exocytosis Images: http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm http://www.lionden.com/cell_animations.htm http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/cell-movement.html Animation from:

  5. WHAT DO CELLS USE ENERGY FOR ? Movement Synthesis of biomolecules Reproduction Meiosis: http://www.tokyo-med.ac.jp/genet/anm/ Cilia: http://www.sk.lung.ca/content.cfm?edit_realword=hwbreathe Replication: http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/4c.asp Transcription:http://www.wappingersschools.org/RCK/staff/teacherhp/johnson/visualvocab/mRNA.gif Translation:

  6. CELLS USE ATP TO STORE and RELEASE ENERGY 3 ____ PHOSPHATE GROUPS ATP = __________________________ Adenosine triphosphate

  7. ATP can change into ADP 2 ____ PHOSPHATE GROUPS ADP = __________________________ Adenosine diphosphate

  8. http://www.cat.cc.md.us/~gkaiser/biotutorials/energy/adpan.htmlhttp://www.cat.cc.md.us/~gkaiser/biotutorials/energy/adpan.html ATP releases energy stored in a high energy chemical bond by removing the phosphate and becoming ADP ATP→ ____ + ____ + ADP

  9. Cells ________ energy by adding the phosphate back on to ADP to make ATP. STORE The energy to do this comes from ____________ like _____________ FOODS GLUCOSE It’s like recharging the battery ! ADP+ ___ + ________ → ___ ATP

  10. ATP is useful BUT . . . NOT LARGE ATP is great for TRANSFERRING ENERGY, but _____ good for storing ________ amounts of energy for the ______________. A single molecule of GLUCOSE stores more than _________the chemical energy. Cells only keep enough ATP around to last a few seconds and recharge it by burning___________. LONG TERM 90 times glucose http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html

  11. http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm Remember… Example: GLUCOSE C6H12O6 CARBOHYDRATES containCarbon, Hydrogen, & Oxygen (with a ratio of 1 C: 2 H: 1 O) Image from: http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html

  12. MONOSACCHARIDESSingle sugar molecules C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C6H12O6 http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html http://217.60.75.10/llt/biokemi/images/galactose.jpg http://217.60.75.10/llt/biokemi/images/galactose.jpg http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html C5H10O5

  13. Remember … CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY Cells burn GLUCOSE for their energy needs Images from: http://www.miranda.com/library.en/Images/Pictures/girls-runners.jpg http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html

  14. CARBOHYDRATES are building blocks for other molecules ATP DNA & RNA POLYSACCHARIDES http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html ATP by Riedell http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/images/dna_bases.gif http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/biochemistry_notes_bi_ch3.htm

  15. Remember … Section 2-3 Starch Glucose

  16. Molecules made by joining MANY sugar molecules together are called ___________________ POLYSACCHARIDES EXAMPLES: Image from: http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/BIOL115/Wyatt/Biochem/Carbos/Carb_poly.gif

  17. CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY GLYCOGEN is the way _________ cells store GLUCOSE to use later. ANIMAL Image from: http://www.msu.edu/course/lbs/145/smith/s02/graphics/campbell_5.6.gif

  18. CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY STARCH is the way _______ cells store GLUCOSE for later. PLANT Images from: http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/BIOL115/Wyatt/Biochem/Carbos/Carb_poly.gif http://oregonstate.edu/instruction/bb450/stryer/ch21/Slide24.jpg

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