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Study of Matter Basics

Learn about the parts of an atom, the states of matter, pressure, density, fluid equations, and buoyancy. Includes definitions, equations, and examples.

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Study of Matter Basics

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  1. Jeopardy PHY101 Chapter 4 Review Study of Matter

  2. Study of Matter

  3. Basics $100 What are the parts of an atom? ANSWER

  4. Basics $200 Atoms combine to form ANSWER

  5. Basics $300 What are the 4 states (phases) of matter? ANSWER

  6. Basics $400 What is a fluid? ANSWER

  7. Pressure $100 What is pressure? ANSWER

  8. Pressure $200 What is atmospheric pressure? ANSWER

  9. Pressure $300 What does a barometer do? ANSWER

  10. Pressure$400 What are the units of pressure? ANSWER

  11. Density $100 What is density? ANSWER

  12. Density $200 What is weight density? ANSWER

  13. Density $300 What are the units of density? ANSWER

  14. Density$400 What is the density of water? ANSWER

  15. Fluid Equations $100 What is the law of fluid pressure? ANSWER

  16. Fluid Equations $200 What is the equation of continuity? ANSWER

  17. Fluid Equations $300 What is Bernoulli’s Principle? ANSWER

  18. Fluid Equations $400 What is Pascal’s Principle? ANSWER

  19. Buoyancy $100 If an object is submerged, it will displace its ________ in fluid. ANSWER

  20. Buoyancy $200 What is specific gravity? ANSWER

  21. Buoyancy $300 What is Archimedes Principle (Buoyancy force)? ANSWER

  22. Buoyancy $400 What would happen if you placed an ice cube in pure vodka? ANSWER

  23. Potpourri $100 A hollow sphere has an average density of 6 g/cm3 and a mass of 12 g. What is the volume of the sphere? ANSWER

  24. Potpourri $200 On a day when a water barometer reads 10 m, what is the total pressure at the bottom of a 30-m deep tank of water? a. 1 atm b. 2 atm c. 3 atm d. 4 atm ANSWER

  25. Potpourri $300 On a day when the mercury column in a barometer on top of a mountain stands 40 cm tall, how high would the column in a water barometer be? The density of mercury is 13.6 times that of water. a. 368 cm b. 500 cm c. 544 cm d. 680 cm ANSWER

  26. Potpourri $400 A hollow sphere has an average density of 3 g/cm3 and a mass of 15 g. What will the sphere weigh under water? a. 45 mN b. 98 mN c. 85 mN d. 80 mN 1 mN =.001 N ANSWER

  27. Basics $100Answer What are the parts of an atom? Proton positive charge in the nucleus of an atom. Atomic # (Z) = # of protons determines element Neutron neutral particle in the nucleus of an atom. Neutron # (N) = # of neutrons determines isotope Electron negative charge in the outer shell of an atom. Back to Jeopardy

  28. Basics $200Answer Atoms combine to form Molecules. Back to Jeopardy

  29. Basics $300Answer What are the 4 states (phases) of matter ? Solid Rigid; retain their shape unless distorted by a force. Liquid flows readily; conform to the shape of a container; fixed volume Gas flows readily; conform to the shape of a container; no fixed volume Plasma superheated ionized gas Back to Jeopardy

  30. Basics $400Answer What is a fluid? Fluids flow. Liquids, gases, and plasmas are fluids. Back to Jeopardy

  31. Pressure$100Answer What is pressure? The force per unit area for a force acting perpendicular to a surface. Pressure = F/A Back to Jeopardy

  32. Pressure$200Answer What is atmospheric pressure? PATM = 101 kPa = 14.7 psi = 760 mm of mercury (Hg) Back to Jeopardy

  33. Pressure$300Answer What does a barometer do? Measures atmospheric pressure Back to Jeopardy

  34. Pressure$400Answer What are the units of pressure? SI 1 N/m² = 1 Pascal = 1 Pa cgs 1 dyne/cm² common 1 pound/inch² = 1 psi 1 psi = 6890 Pa = 68900 dyne/cm² Back to Jeopardy

  35. Density $100Answer What is density? The mass per unit volume of a substance. Density = D = m/V Back to Jeopardy

  36. Density $200Answer What is weight density? The weight per unit volume of a substance. Density Weight = DW = Weight/V Back to Jeopardy

  37. Density $300Answer What are the units of density? SI 1 kg/m³ cgs 1 g/cm³ = g/ml common 1 slug/ft³ or Weight density in lbs/ ft³ 1 kg/m³ = 0.001 g/cm³ = 2.42 slug/ft³ Back to Jeopardy

  38. Density $400Answer What is the density of water? DWATER = 1000 kg/m³ = 1 g/ml = 62.4 lbs/ft³ Back to Jeopardy

  39. Fluid Equations $100Answer What is the law of fluid pressure? The pressure at any point in a fluid is determined by the weight of the fluid above. P = Dgh Back to Jeopardy

  40. Fluid Equations $200Answer What is the equation of continuity? Flow rate = R = Volume/time = constant R = A1*v1 = A2*v2 Back to Jeopardy

  41. Fluid Equations $300Answer What is Bernoulli’s Principle? P1 + Dv1²/2 + Dgy1 = P2 + Dv2²/2 + Dgy2 Back to Jeopardy

  42. Fluid Equations $400Answer What is Pascal’s Principle? Any additional pressure in a fluid is passed on uniformly throughout the fluid. P = F1/A1 = F2/A2 Back to Jeopardy

  43. Buoyancy $100Answer If an object is submerged, it will displace its VOLUME in fluid. Back to Jeopardy

  44. Buoyancy $200Answer What is specific gravity? SG = Density pf object/Density of water If an object sinks, SG > 1 If an object floats. SG < 1 Back to Jeopardy

  45. Buoyancy $300Answer What is Archimedes Principle (Buoyancy force)? The upward buoyancy force on an object partly or completely immersed in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. B = mg FLUID = DFLUID gV Back to Jeopardy

  46. Buoyancy $400Answer What would happen if you placed an ice cube in pure vodka? It would sinks. Ice is less dense than water but more dense than alcohol. Back to Jeopardy

  47. Potpourri $100Answer A hollow sphere has an average density of 6 g/cm3 and a mass of 12 g. What is the volume of the sphere? V = m/D = 2 cm³ Back to Jeopardy

  48. Potpourri $200Answer On a day when a water barometer reads 10 m, what is the total pressure at the bottom of a 30-m deep tank of water? a. 1 atm b. 2 atm c. 3 atm d. 4 atm 1 atm for air and 3 atm for water = 4 atm Back to Jeopardy

  49. Potpourri $300Answer • On a day when the mercury column in a barometer on top of a mountain stands 40 cm tall, how high would the column in a water barometer be? The density of mercury is 13.6 times that of water. • 368 cm b. 500 cm c. 544 cm d. 680 cm • Ht of Water = 40cm * 13.6 = 544 cm Back to Jeopardy

  50. Potpourri $400Answer • A hollow sphere has an average density of 3 g/cm3 and a mass of 15 g. 1 mN =.001 N • What will the sphere weigh under water? • 45 mN b. 98 mN c. 85 mN d. 80 mN • Volume = 15g/(3 g/cm3 ) = 5 cm³ • Weight of object = mg = 147 mN • Weight of water = mWg = 49 mN • Total Weight in water = 98 mN Back to Jeopardy

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