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Radioactive Materials

Radioactive Materials. Radioactive Materials. Elements that emit radiation all the time are called radioactive Radioactive elements that are found in the world around us emit background radiation Background radiation comes from rocks, food, outer space etc. Radioactive Materials.

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Radioactive Materials

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  1. Radioactive Materials

  2. Radioactive Materials • Elements that emit radiation all the time are called radioactive • Radioactive elements that are found in the world around us emit background radiation • Background radiation comes from rocks, food, outer space etc

  3. Radioactive Materials • If you are contaminated then you are carrying a source of radiation on your person • Irradiation means to fire radioactive particles at food, medical instruments to sterilize them. • There are three types of radiation Alpha, Beta and Gamma

  4. Radioactive Materials • Ionising radiation damages living cells • When ionising radiation strikes living cells these may be killed or may become cancerous • Ionized molecules react more quickly

  5. Radioactive Materials • alpha radiation is most likely to cause damage • gamma radiation is least likely to cause damage • Alpha stopped by paper • Beta stopped by Aluminium • Gamma stopped by lead

  6. Radioactive Materials • ionising radiation can be used to:treat cancer • sterilise surgical instruments • sterilise food • You need to explain why?

  7. Radioactive Materials • recall that radiation dose in measured in sieverts is a measure of the damage done to your body • Apply the ALARA principle to radiation • Apply the precautionary principle to radiation • Suggest ways to reduce risk

  8. Radioactive Materials • Explain the difference between perceived risk and actual risk • Account for the difference between perceived risk and actual risk • The rate of radioactive decay cannot be changed • The nucleus of the atom is unstable ( has too much energy ) so gives out particles

  9. Radioactive Materials • Half life what does it mean? • Calculate the activity after a number of half lives • The activity of a radioactive source get less with age,

  10. Radioactive Materials • Power stations • Fuel Uranium, process fission • Chain reaction controlled by Control Rods • Radioactive waste • Lots of energy from a small amount of Uranium • Learn how a nuclear bomb works

  11. Radioactive Materials • Why produce electricity • Easy to transport around • Can be used in many different ways • It is a secondary source of energu • Renewable sources of energy geothermal wind power etc • Fossil fuel power stations produce CO2

  12. Radioactive Materials • Advantages and disadvantages of different types of power stations • Can things be made totally safe?

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