Session 1 Assessments and Strategies for Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, and Word Study

1. Session 1Assessments and Strategies for Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, and Word Study Fort Bragg Schools �Elements of Literacy� Introductions Introduce ourselves Introduce schools � can get to know one another better in our group sessions Housekeeping Food/drink Bathrooms Call �outside or other side of the hut (dark and scary) Feedback at the end of each session If you have specific comments/questions during today�s sessions, feel free to go ahead and start that Door Prizes After our breaks Introductions Introduce ourselves Introduce schools � can get to know one another better in our group sessions Housekeeping Food/drink Bathrooms Call �outside or other side of the hut (dark and scary) Feedback at the end of each session If you have specific comments/questions during today�s sessions, feel free to go ahead and start that Door Prizes After our breaks

2. Elements of Literacy Phonemic Awareness Phonics, Word Study Fluency Vocabulary Comprehension These are the 5 elements of reading instruction, as identified by the National Reading Panel (NRP) that are critical to the success of readers. Writing is not listed on here, but it is a direct component of literacy, so we can correlate these elements to the 6+1 Traits of Writing model (next slide)These are the 5 elements of reading instruction, as identified by the National Reading Panel (NRP) that are critical to the success of readers. Writing is not listed on here, but it is a direct component of literacy, so we can correlate these elements to the 6+1 Traits of Writing model (next slide)

3. Elements of Literacy Phonemic Awareness Phonics, Word Study Fluency Vocabulary Comprehension Conventions Conventions Sentence Fluency Word Choice, Voice Ideas, Organization Phonemic awareness, phonics, and word study all correspond to the spelling element of CONVENTIONS. Reading fluency and SENTENCE FLUENCY are closely aligned. A reader�s vocabulary greatly enhances the WORD CHOICE and VOICE that is reflected in their writing. Comprehension helps a reader develop their IDEAS and ORGANIZATION in their writing. The other trait is PRESENTATION which is impacted by all of the above elements for reading and writing.Phonemic awareness, phonics, and word study all correspond to the spelling element of CONVENTIONS. Reading fluency and SENTENCE FLUENCY are closely aligned. A reader�s vocabulary greatly enhances the WORD CHOICE and VOICE that is reflected in their writing. Comprehension helps a reader develop their IDEAS and ORGANIZATION in their writing. The other trait is PRESENTATION which is impacted by all of the above elements for reading and writing.

4. Today�s Topics include�Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, and Word Study Upper grades may not find phonemic awareness and phonics as intriguing as the lower grades, but keep in mind these are critical components of literacy that some of your struggling readers may be missing� We will be looking at �AAA� for each of the elements: Articles (current research) Assessments (variety gives you the whole picture of the child) Activities (will need to make some adaptations, depending on your grade level)Upper grades may not find phonemic awareness and phonics as intriguing as the lower grades, but keep in mind these are critical components of literacy that some of your struggling readers may be missing� We will be looking at �AAA� for each of the elements: Articles (current research) Assessments (variety gives you the whole picture of the child) Activities (will need to make some adaptations, depending on your grade level)

5. What is �phonemic awareness?� �The ability to manipulate (segment and blend) the sounds of spoken language� (Garan p. 85) Ex: 3 sounds in CAT /k/ /a/ /t/ Ex: 3 sounds in SHOOT /sh/ /oo/ /t/ Common understanding of this term �The best predictor of poor reading achievement in grade 1 was phonemic awareness. One study showed that there was an 88% chance that is a child was having difficulty reading in grade 1, the child would still be having difficulty reading in grade 4.� (Pressley p. 113)Common understanding of this term �The best predictor of poor reading achievement in grade 1 was phonemic awareness. One study showed that there was an 88% chance that is a child was having difficulty reading in grade 1, the child would still be having difficulty reading in grade 4.� (Pressley p. 113)

6. What is �phonemic awareness?� Ex: 3 sounds in CAT /k/ /a/ /t/ What word do you get if you change the first sound in CAT to a /b/? What word do you get if you change the last sound in CAT to a /b/? What word do you get if you change the middle sound in CAT to a /u/? This shows the manipulation of each phoneme Bat Cab Cut This shows the manipulation of each phoneme Bat Cab Cut

7. What is �phonemic awareness?� Ex: 3 sounds in SHOOT /sh/ /oo/ /t/ What word do you get if you change the first sound in SHOOT to a /b/? What word do you get if you remove the last sound in SHOOT? What word do you get if you change the middle sound in SHOOT to a /ow/? Boot Shoo or Shoe Shout Boot Shoo or Shoe Shout

8. Related Read Alouds Any books that focus on alliteration or rhyme would be good to illustrate aspects of phonemic awareness: Runny Babbit by Shel Silverstein Geese Find the Missing Piece by Marco and Giulio Maestro Dogs Don�t Wear Sneakers by Laura Numeroff Giant Children by Brod Bagert Read excerpt from Runny Babbit (students could rewrite the poem using correct sounds/letters)Read excerpt from Runny Babbit (students could rewrite the poem using correct sounds/letters)

9. What is phonics? �The NRP states that phonics is the connection between letters and sounds and how we use those sounds and letters in reading, writing, and spelling� (Garan p. 68). �Phonics is just one of [the tools that] can help some students some of the time.� Points from Garan 2007 (pgs. 68-75): -Phonics are often taught in isolation -better use of instructional time would be to teach phonics in context -English is not phonetically regular (lots of exceptions to rules) - the 26 letters make up over 1,100 sound-letter spelling patterns -How does this impact non-English speakers? -�Research shows that phonics instruction does not help students above first grade with reading and spelling� (p. 77) -�The controversy over phonics is not if we should teach it, but when and how� (p 78) and �it should not be overemphasized� (p. 81) Points from Garan 2007 (pgs. 68-75): -Phonics are often taught in isolation -better use of instructional time would be to teach phonics in context -English is not phonetically regular (lots of exceptions to rules) - the 26 letters make up over 1,100 sound-letter spelling patterns -How does this impact non-English speakers? -�Research shows that phonics instruction does not help students above first grade with reading and spelling� (p. 77) -�The controversy over phonics is not if we should teach it, but when and how� (p 78) and �it should not be overemphasized� (p. 81)

10. A thought about phonics� �Reading instruction should not begin with the skill. It is most effective when it begins with meaning and when phonics is taught simultaneously with comprehension� (Garan p. 83). Rhythmic phonetics � physical movements for sounds /k/ /t/ /a/ /o/ /sh/

11. Related Read Alouds Any books that focus on specific sounds would be useful to illustrate the concept of phonics: Poor Puppy by Nick Bruel Bad Kitty by Nick Bruel Alphatales by Scholastic Six Sandy Sheep by Judith Ross Enderle

12. What is word study? � �Word study� is an alternative to traditional spelling instruction. It is based on learning word patterns rather than memorizing unconnected words (Leipzig, 2000).� http://www.readingrockets.org/article/80 Word study calls attention to word elements.

13. How does word study relate to reading?