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This article discusses the latest updates on the approval timeline for E15, its impact on older vehicles and non-road engines, and the implications of California's Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) on corn ethanol. It also explores the challenges and opportunities in the California market for ethanol exports.
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National Corn Growers Association Agri-Industry Council August 17-19, 2010 Enhanced Ethanol Blends and CA LCFS Shannon Herzfeld and Anthony Reed
E15 Status • EPA’s Announced Approval Timeline • September 2010 • 2007 and Newer Vehicle • November 2010 • 2001 and Newer Vehicles • Current Vehicle Fleet • Vehicles older than 2001 (50%) • Vehicles 2001-2006 (17%) • Vehicles 2007 and newer (33%)
What About Older Vehicles and Non-Road Engines? “Although we continue to evaluate all available information, it has become clear that insufficient data have been submitted on the use of E-15 in older vehicles and non-road engines (such as chain saws and marine engines) to enable EPA to make a decision on a waiver that would allow the use of E-15 for these engines. EPA will of course review any relevant data that is submitted prior to making its decision.” E-15 Status Update July 2010 – U.S. EPA Website
E12 for All Vehicle Model Years • ADM E12 request – June 7, 2010 • Waiver under the Growth Energy Petition for fuels “up to and including E15” • Substantially Similar Fuel • Oxygen Content / Chemical Characteristics • ADM Technical Data Submission – July 20, 2010 • Blends approaching E12 already in marketplace • EPA allows fuels with oxygen content equal to E12 • Real world data shows E12 compatible with all vehicles
California Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) • January 1, 2011 • LCFS does not “ban” corn ethanol per se… • Rather, Carbon Intensity (CI) scores make corn ethanol unattractive for compliance • Regulated parties (RPs) must balance credits and deficits annually • CARBOB generates deficits that increase annually • RPs will want to use low carbon fuels that cancel out deficits generated by CARBOB use • Most corn ethanol generates deficits (or not enough credits to cancel deficits) by 2012
Removal of ILUC penalty extends viability of all pathways; but corn still phases out by 2016
Where’s the Ethanol? • Despite a slight CI advantage over Midwest facilities, it is highly unlikely that new corn ethanol plants will be built in California because CA corn ethanol is not viable by 2014. • Less Brazilian sugarcane ethanol is available for import than CARB is assuming. • Based on current economics and technology timelines, it is unlikely that cellulosic ethanol would make a significant contribution to the LCFS until 2015-2016 at the earliest. • If grain-based ethanol is abandoned, broad commercialization of cellulosic ethanol becomes even more difficult—if not impossible. • Electric, CNG/LNG, and hydrogen vehicles are years away from commercial deployment and will require new infrastructure.
CA LCFS – Next Steps • Lawsuits Pending • Ethanol Industry • Oil Industry • Possible Adjustment of ILUC value for Corn Ethanol to 13.9 g/MJ • Delay in LCFS implementation Date?