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Lecture 20

That was the year* that Lisbon town Saw the earth opened up and gulp her down. (*1755) - Oliver Wendell Holmes (The Deacon’s Masterpiece) Earthquakes. Lecture 20. Webpage for course (daytime). Webpage for course (nighttime). 2 nd test scores. 112 (2) 110 109

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Lecture 20

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  1. That was the year* that Lisbon townSaw the earth opened up and gulp her down.(*1755) - Oliver Wendell Holmes (The Deacon’s Masterpiece)Earthquakes Lecture 20 Webpage for course (daytime) Webpage for course (nighttime)

  2. 2nd test scores 112 (2) 110 109 108 107 106 (2) 103 101 100 95 (2) 93 91 88 (2) 84 82 81 80 74 67 64 125 (2) 123 (2) 122 121 120 118 113

  3. Seismology – the study of earthquakes Seismometer Seismograph Seismogram Fig. 14.7, p. 325

  4. Ripple analogy

  5. Longitudinal (compressive, Primary, P-wave) Transverse (shear, secondary, S-wave) Surface waves Three basic types of waves:

  6. Longitudinal (compressive, Primary, P-wave) Sound Three basic types of waves:

  7. Transverse (shear, secondary, S-wave) Light, radio, RADAR (electromagnetic waves) Three basic types of waves:

  8. Surface waves Three basic types of waves:

  9. P-waves travel faster than S-waves P-waves travel through solids and fluids S-waves do not travel through fluids P- and S-waves:

  10. How do you tell how far away a quake is? How do you tell where a quake is? How do we know the earth’s core is molten? So, three questions:

  11. How do you tell how far away a quake is?

  12. How do you tell where a quake is?

  13. How do we know the earth’s core is molten?

  14. Earthquake measurement Richter scale logarithmic

  15. Earthquake measurement Table 14.2, p. 329

  16. Big earthquakes in human history deaths Shen-shu, China, 1556, 830,000 Tangshan, China, 1976 750,000 Lisbon, Portugual, 1755 60,000 San Francisco, CA, 1906 (8.3) 700 Alaska, 1964 (8.5) 114

  17. The killers are: collapse fire landslides tsunami Safety

  18. Safety Stay calm Go to under some strong object If in open, get away from structures Before earthquake Building codes Zoning laws Good foundation on bedrock Heavy furniture should be bolted down Water mains compartmentalized

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