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Explore the intricate balance of economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health, safety, and manufacturability constraints in the design of LED lightbulbs. Discover how LED technology offers a sustainable, cost-effective, and eco-friendly lighting solution while navigating various real-world challenges.
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DESIGNFOR CONSTRAINTS Neil E. Cotter ECE Department UNIVERSITYOFUTAH necotter@ece.utah.edu
LED Lightbulb Constraints • LED bulb design • Realistic design constraints • Economic • Environmental • Social • Political • Ethical • Health • Safety • Manufacturability • Sustainability
LED Bulb Design [1] [2] • Individual LED’s • Metal heat fins • 110 VAC to 4 VDC power
Economics [3] • Longterm Cost < CFL and Incandescent • Initial cost > CFL and Incandescent
Environment [4] • Huge power savings depending on hours of light use per day
Society [5] • Can the poor afford LED bulbs? • Transition cost per room > $50
Politics [6] • Incandescent ban postponed
Ethics [7] • Should CFL and Incandescent be banned?
Health [8] • Is quality of light adequate? • Can use phosphors to create colors
Safety • Lower temperature? • Less heat • Lower voltage
Manufacturability [9] • Energy to manufacture < CFL and Incandescent
Sustainability [11] • No mercury [10] • Some arsenic and lead if manufactured poorly [11]
LEDs are the Future • Less energy • Less toxic • Less cost [1]
References [1] http://eartheasy.com/live_energyeff_lighting.htm [2] http://blog.makezine.com/2011/08/09/led-light-bulb-teardown/ [3] http://eartheasy.com/live_led_bulbs_comparison.html [4] I.L. Azevedo, M.G. Morgan, F. Morgan, “The transition to solid-state lighting,”Proceedings of the IEEE,vol. 97 , issue 3, 2009 , pp. 481-510. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/JPROC.2009.2013058 [5] http://www.sears.com/shc/s/p_10153_12605_SPM6583418602P?sid=IDx20070921x00003a&ci_src=14110944&ci_sku=SPM6583418602 [6] http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/dec/16/congress-overturns-incandescent-light-bulb-ban/ [7] Stevenson, R. “LEDs for less”IEEE Spectrum,vol 49, issue 1,2012, pp. 39 - 40. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/MSPEC.2012.6117834 [8] I.L. Azevedo, M.G. Morgan, F. Morgan, “The transition to solid-state lighting,”Proceedings of the IEEE,vol. 97 , issue 3, 2009 , pp. 481-510. Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/JPROC.2009.2013058 [9] S. Uddin, H. Shareef, A. Mohamed, M. A. Hannan, K. Mohamed, “LEDs as energy efficient lighting systems: A detail review,” Research and Dev (SCOReD), 2011 IEEE Student Conference on, pp. 468-472, 2011. [10] E.F. Schubert “Invited talk: Promises and challenges in light-emitting diodes for lighting applications”,Microelectronics and Electron Devices (WMED), 2011 IEEE Workshop on,2011, pp. 1.Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/WMED.2011.5767269 [11] http://today.uci.edu/news/2011/02/nr_LED_110210.php Neil E. Cotter necotter@ece.utah.edu