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AP Economics

AP Economics. Mr. Bernstein Section 1 Appendix: Graphs in Economics September 12, 2014. AP Economics Mr. Bernstein. Plotting Points on a Two-Variable Graph Horizontal axis is X-axi s Vertical axis is Y-axis Origin is where axes meet, variables = zero X-axis is the independent variable

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AP Economics

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  1. AP Economics Mr. Bernstein Section 1 Appendix: Graphs in Economics September 12, 2014

  2. AP EconomicsMr. Bernstein Plotting Points on a Two-Variable Graph • Horizontal axis is X-axis • Vertical axis is Y-axis • Origin is where axes meet, variables = zero • X-axis is the independent variable • Y-axis is the dependent variable • Example: Temperature and soda sales

  3. AP EconomicsMr. Bernstein Curves on a Graph • Linear Relationship • Positive Relationship • Negative Relationship • Examples: Temperature and soda sold, Temperature and Hot Chocolate sold

  4. AP EconomicsMr. Bernstein Slope of a Linear Curve • Measure of steepness, or how strong the effect of the independent variable is on the dependent variable…aka sensitivity or delta • Change in y / Change in x = slope • Slope of horizontal line is zero • Slope of vertical line is infinite

  5. AP EconomicsMr. Bernstein Slope of a Linear Curve

  6. AP EconomicsMr. Bernstein Nonlinear Curves • Positive Increasing Slope • Positive Decreasing Slope • Negative Increasing Slope (concave) • Negative Decreasing Slope (convex)

  7. AP EconomicsMr. Bernstein Nonlinear Curves

  8. AP EconomicsMr. Bernstein Slope of Nonlinear Curves • Slope is changing as you move along the curve • Slope is typically expressed as the slope between two points • Curves can have maximum or minimum points (where slope changes from positive to negative or vice versa)

  9. AP EconomicsMr. Bernstein Calculating Area Below or Above a Linear Curve • Measure height and base of right triangle, multiply, then divide by 2

  10. AP EconomicsMr. Bernstein Graphs That Depict Numerical Information • Time-Series • Scatter Diagrams • Pie Charts • Bar Charts and Histograms

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