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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIRECT LEARNING STRATEGIES AND SPEAKING ABILITY AMONG THE THIRD SEMESTER STUDENTS OF ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF STATE UNIVERSITY OF YOGYAKARTA IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2008/2009. RIFKI ZAKIYAH 04202241055. English Education Department Languages and Arts faculty
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIRECT LEARNING STRATEGIES AND SPEAKING ABILITY AMONG THE THIRD SEMESTER STUDENTS OF ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF STATE UNIVERSITY OF YOGYAKARTA IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2008/2009 RIFKI ZAKIYAH 04202241055 English Education Department Languages and Arts faculty State University of Yogyakarta May 15th, 2008 1 2 34567891011
Background of the Problem • Speaking is important in our life. • There are some problems in learning speaking. • This research is necessary to be conducted to explore the certain factors that influence speaking ability. 1 2 34567891011
Identification of the Problem • Curriculum, syllabus & resources, students, teacher, and materials. (Dublin & Olshin, 1986: 27) • Age (Richard & Renandya, 2002:205) • Learning strategies (direct and indirect) (Oxford, 1990: 1) • Psychological problems (Rivers, 1981: 224-226) • Language (Mc Kay & Tom, 1992: 2) 1 2 34567891011
Delimitation of the Problem • Indirect learning strategies. • Third semester students of English Education Department. 1 2 34567891011
Formulation of the Problem • What are the indirect learning strategies of 3rd semester students of PBI UNY in the academic year of 2008/2009 like? • What are the English speaking ability of 3rd semester students of PBI UNY in the academic year of 2008/2009 like? • Is there any positive and significant correlation between indirect learning strategies and speaking ability? 1 2 34567891011
Research Objectives • To describe the indirect learning strategies of 3rd semester students of PBI UNY in the academic year of 2008/2009. • To describe the English speaking ability of the 3rd semester students of PBI UNY in the academic year of 2008/2008. • To find the correlation between indirect learning strategies and speaking ability. 1 2 34567891011
Theoretical Review • Speaking ability • Indirect learning strategies 1 2 34567891011
Speaking Ability • Speaking means giving oral expression to thoughts, opinion, and feeling in term of talk or conversation. • Elements of speaking (Harmer, 2001: 267-271) - Language feature (connected speech, expressive devices, lexis & grammar, and negotiation language. - Mental/ social processing (language processing, interacting with other, on-the-spot information processing. 1 2 34567891011
Micro-skills and macro-skills of speaking • Micro-skills refer to producing the smaller chunks of language (phonemes, morphemes, words, etc) • Macro-skills refer imply the speaker’s focus cohesion, and nonverbal communication. 1 2 34567891011
Indicators of Good Speaking Ability • Think about ideas they wish to express. • Able to change the position of the lips, jaws, and tongue to articulate the appropriate sounds. • Be aware of fundamental expression. • Be sensitive to any change in the register/style to whom and the situation. • Able to change their thoughts based on the other person’s response. 1 2 34567891011
Indirect Learning Strategies • Indirect: not obviously aimed at (Hornby, 1995: 606) • Learning is gaining knowledge of subject or skill by study, practice or being thought. • Strategies: specific methods of approaching a problem or task for achieving a particular end. • Learning Strategies: steps used by learners to solve problems in their language learning and language use. 1 2 34567891011