230 likes | 314 Views
In Search of Lost Boys (etc) Maggie Woodrow Memorial Lecture - 2007. Bahram Bekhradnia Director Higher Education Policy Institute European Access Network Galway, 27 June 2007. Age Participation Index by Social Class - 1940 to 2000.
E N D
In Search of Lost Boys (etc)Maggie Woodrow Memorial Lecture - 2007 Bahram Bekhradnia Director Higher Education Policy Institute European Access Network Galway, 27 June 2007
Age Participation Index by Social Class - 1940 to 2000 Full-time Young Participation by Socio-Economic Class: A New Widening Participation Measure in Higher Education – DfES March 2007
Changes in relative participation over time Table 1.1 Dearing Report 6. Updated from Social Trends (dataset ST30313)
The new Prime Minister’s views on social class discrimination in HE • "An absolute scandal" was the phrase Gordon Brown used to embroil the government in a class war with Oxford University (Times 26 May). With the emphatic backing of the Sun (26 May), which enjoyed "his blistering assault on stuck up Oxbridge 110%," Mr Brown had ignited a much larger media debate on education, elitism, and class.“ -BMJ 10 June 2000
Entry to HE by social class, does not vary once A levels are obtained Source: DfES. Calculated from Youth Cohort Study data
GCSE success by social class Source: Table B from Youth Cohort Survey of 16 year-olds (2000)
7 6 5 4 % of population 3 2 1 0 Law Education Engineering Technologies Social studies Physical Sciences Combined subjects Biological Sciences Medicine and Dentistry Creative Arts and Design Subjects allied to Medicine Business and Administrative studies Architecture, Building and Planning Historical and Philosophical studies Mathematical and Computer Science Linguistics, Classics and related subjects Mass Communications and Documentation Eastern, Asiatic, etc, (non European languages) Veterinary Sciences, Agriculture and related ... European Languages, Literature and related ... Men Women Subjects studied by gender Source: Higher Education Statistics Agency
The widening disparity between male and female participation
The difference persists in all other respects • Female mature participation - by 50% • Female part-time participation – by 40% • The most prestigious institutions, no less than the least • The class of degrees obtained - >10% more ‘good’ degrees
The underperformance of boys is a world-wide phenomenon Men and women’s entry rate differences as a fraction of the sum of the rates Source: OECD, Education at a Glance (2004)
The problem is essentially a school problem Source: DfES
There are some who deny that the issue is a problem "just as men's numerical advantage in college enrollment before the 1980s was taken as a sign of patriarchal privilege, the more recent reverse trend whereby women now outnumber men in undergraduate and graduate degree programs has been taken to mean that males are now at an educational (and soon, outcomes) disadvantage … rather than as an evolving realization of the nuances of gender's effects." M Weaver-Hightower University of Wisconsin, Madison
Average age of students on entry to HE Source: Eurostudent 2006
Part time provision hardly features in European HE Source: Eurostudent 2006
The effect of the introduction of fees on participation in 1998 Source: HEFCE 2005 “Young participation in higher education”
The effect of the introduction of fees on participation in 1998 Source: HEFCE 2005 “Young participation in higher education”
Similarly, the increase in fees in 2006 has not reduced student demand Source: Nick Barr February 2007
The introduction of fees has greatly increased the resources available Funding per student in ₤s
HE drop-out rates in the OECD Source: OECD, Education at a Glance (2004)
Likelihood of drop-out is directly related to prior educational experience Source: HEFCE analysis of HESA data
The month of birth has a large impact on chances of progression to HE Source: HEFCE 2005 “Young participation in higher education”
September girls have more than 50% more chance of going to university than August boys Source: HEFCE 2005 “Young participation in higher education”
In Search of Lost Boys (etc)Maggie Woodrow Memorial Lecture - 2007 Bahram Bekhradnia Director Higher Education Policy Institute European Access Network Galway, 27 June 2007