1 / 15

Unit 2: Computer Systems

Unit 2: Computer Systems. Session One Part Two. Aims:. Gain an understanding into the system components Heat Sink Types of memory Hard disk. Heat Sink.

hedy
Download Presentation

Unit 2: Computer Systems

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Unit 2: Computer Systems Session One Part Two

  2. Aims: Gain an understanding into the system components Heat Sink Types of memory Hard disk

  3. Heat Sink • Heat sink is a device that is attached to a microprocessor chip to keep it from overheating by absorbing its heat and dissipating it into the air. • Generally, a microprocessor's temperature should not run in excess of 50-55 degrees Celsius while under a full load. • To ensure that the heat sink can absorb as much heat as possible, thermal grease is used to create a seal between the two devices. www.3cvillage.com

  4. Types of Memory • Internal Memory • RAM (Random Access Memory) • ROM (Read Only Memory)

  5. Types of Memory • RAM • RAM can be altered; it is the main memory used in the system to store data and programs whilst the computer is running. Its contents are lost when power is removed (volatile storage).

  6. Types of Memory • RAM - exists in many different formats • SRAM – Static Random Access Memory More expensive memory, normally reserved for cache memory; fast because its data doesn’t need to be refreshed electronically. • DRAM – Dynamic Random Access Memory Cheaper and slower than SRAM because its data needs to be periodically refreshed. • SDRAM – Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory All the features of DRAM but faster as it can access multiple data addresses at the same time. Its primary advantage is that its speed is synchronised to the speed of the processor. • DDR (Double Data Rate SDRAM)DDR basically doubles the rate of data transfer of standard SDRAM by transferring data on the up and down tick of a clock cycle.

  7. Types of Memory • ROM • Read-only memory is a class of storage media used in computers and other electronic devices. Because data stored in ROM it cannot be modified (at least not very quickly or easily), it is mainly used to by firmware (i.e. BIOS – Basic Input Output System used to identify and initialize system component hardware such as the video display card, hard disk etc)

  8. Hard disk • Hard disk - Commonly either: • PATA (IDE - Integrated Drive Electronics interface) – older parallel technology which has 2 channels, each supporting a slave and master device • SATA– newer serial technology (hot swapping) SATA is based on serial signalling technology, unlike current IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) hard drives that use parallel signalling • Hard drives provide permanent storage of data and programs which would otherwise be lost from a computer’s RAM when power is removed (non-volatile storage).

  9. Buses • Buses • A bus is a collection of parallel data tracks on the motherboard used to permit data flow between subsystems. • Common examples include the data bus, address bus, control bus and the processor bus.

  10. Buses • Data bus • The data bus is used to transmit the actual data to the different components on the motherboard • The width of a data bus determines how many bits can be transmitted simultaneously and the maximum address which can be referenced.

  11. Buses • Address bus • An address bus is a computer bus, controlled by the CPU for specifying the physical addresses of computer memory elements that the requesting unit wants to access (read or write).

  12. Buses • Control bus • A control bus is (part of) a computer bus, used by CPU for communicating with other devices within the computer. • While the address bus carries the information on which device the CPU is communicating with and the data bus carries the actual data being processed, the control bus carries commands from the CPU and returns status signals from the devices, for example if the data is being read or written to the device the appropriate line (read or write) will be active.

  13. Buses • Processor bus • This is also called the front side bus (FSB). It is the bidirectional link between the motherboard and the processor itself.

  14. Front side and Back side Bus The Front Side Bus (FSB) is the data transfer bus that carries information between the CPU and the Northbridge of the Motherboard. A back side bus (BSB), or backside bus, is a computer bus used to connect the CPU to CPU cache memory, usually L2. Cache BSB

  15. Conclusion: Gained an understanding into the system components Heat Sink Types of memory Hard disk

More Related