Scientific Investigation

1. Scientific Investigation

2. Give 2 example where we would use scientific investigation in the real world?

3. Observations • Uses one or more of the 5 senses to gather information • FACTS!!!...note and record • In science, observations should never be emotional. • In your notebook, write 2 observations about this classroom. Let’s test your observation skills…

4. Find 3 Differences..

6. Find 3 Differences..

8. Take a good look at this picture

9. Question 1 What's the speed limit?

10. Question 2 Are there any pedestrians on the road?

11. Question 3 What color is the pickup truck driving in the road?

13. Answers Speed Limit 35 No Pedestrians Truck is blue

14. Does the square have curved sides?

15. Where are those dots coming from?! Your brain!

16. These circles are not moving, your brain is making them appear to move. Try focusing on one circle. It will stop moving.

17. Are these dots moving?

18. Qualitative vs. Quantitative • Qualitative → Quality • Descriptive. • Data can be observed but not measured • Colors, textures, smells, tastes, appearance, beauty, etc. • Quantitative → Quantity • Numeric. • Data which can be measured • Length, height, area, weight, speed, time, temperature, cost, members, ages, etc.

19. Arnoldiirafflesia- Largest flower in the world It’s Ms. Fiaschi!

20. In your notebook, write down a few qualitative and a few quantitative observations about this intriguing flower. • Red • Spots • Smells like rotting meat • Fleshy texture • 1 meter diameter • 9 kg or 20 lbs • Flowering lasts for 5-7 days

21. Inferences • Logical interpretation based upon prior knowledge and experience- “assumptions” • Based on observations • In your notebook, make 2 inferences • about this classroom.

22. 1. There is a representation of a face on one side of the coin. 2. The Latin word "Dei" means "God." 3. The coin was made by deeply religious people. 4. The date 1722 is printed on one side of the coin. 5. The coin was made in 1722.

23. Note the Difference between Observations and Inferences • In laboratory exercises, • record observations NOTinferences • Inferences may be used when writing the conclusion in your lab report

24. What is a Hypothesis? Possible explanation for an observation or scientific problem that can be tested Think of some examples… Can you test those?

25. How to write a Hypothesis • How does this sound: “Bacterial growth may be affected by temperature.” How can you test that? “If temperature is increased then bacterial growth will increase.”

26. If….then • Write this question so that it is testable: • Does spending more time on Homework increase your chances of getting an ‘A’ in biology? • If I spend 1 hour each night doing homework then I will get an “A” in biology.

27. If…then • If winds reach over 74 MPH then a storm is considered a hurricane.

28. Do Now • What is an observation you can’t “see” (check your notes on observations)

29. Presenting Data Table vs. Graph Why do you think information is often presented in graphs instead of just in a list or table? Visual representations to display a relationship not apparent in data tables What are some kinds of graphs? • Bar graph • Line graph • Pie chart

30. Bar Graph • What’s your favorite TV show? When would you use a bar graph? • Categories • Changes over time

32. What is the best way to present this data? • ’04 1 • ’05 5.5 • ’06 12 • ’07 50 • ’08 100 • ’09 300 • ‘10 550 • ‘11 700 • ’12 900 • 13 1,000 (= 1 billion) Number of Facebook users in Millions

33. Line Graph

35. Line Graphs • Which should you use more in science?

36. Where do we see line graphs?

37. Data • Energy in New Jersey • 51% Nuclear • 33% Natural Gas • 14% Coal • 2% Renewable ( Solar/Wind/ Hydroelectric) • 1% Oil

38. Pie Chart