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By William Shakespeare

By William Shakespeare. Your notes:. The words written in red are to be copied into your notes. Elizabethan England, 1558-1603. England was ruled by Queen Elizabeth I Golden Age in terms of English literature and poetry Bubonic Plague Killed roughly 1/3 of the entire population of Europe

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By William Shakespeare

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  1. By William Shakespeare

  2. Your notes: • The words written in red are to be copied into your notes

  3. Elizabethan England, 1558-1603 • England was ruled by Queen Elizabeth I • Golden Age in terms of English literature and poetry • Bubonic Plague • Killed roughly 1/3 of the entire population of Europe • 200-250 million deaths worldwide • Major gap between rich and poor • Church ruled society • Cities were getting too big too fast • Dirty, disease infested, etc.

  4. Elizabethan England, 1558-1603 • Entertainment • Feasts, Banquets • Fairs, Festivals • Dancing • Jousts – Tournaments • Games and Sports • Bear and Bull Baiting • Dog and cock fighting • Hawking • Theatre and Plays

  5. William Shakespeare: Bare Bones Biography • Born in 1564 – Died in 1616 • Education: Elementary Grammar School • Married Anne Hathaway • Had three children, son Hamnet died at a young age (possibly from the plague). • An actor, playwright, poet and the co-owner of the Globe Theatre in London.

  6. William Shakespeare’s plays had universal appeal among all classes in Elizabethan England. - Both rich and poor attended the theater - The Rich sat above ground, the poor sat/stood on the floor - Admission was 1 penny (an entire day’s wage for poor people) The Globe Theatre

  7. William Shakespeare: Bare Bones Biography Professional Life • 37 Plays

  8. Shakespeare’s Language • Shakespeare is credited with introducing over 3000 words into the English language • Elizabethan dialect differs from ours … • A difficult language – many similarities …

  9. Shakespeare’s English vs. Ours Today Shakespeare’s English “O Romeo, Romeo! Wherefore art thou Romeo? Deny thy father and refuse thy name. Or if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love And I’ll no longer be a Capulet” (2.2.35-38) Modern English “Oh, Romeo, Romeo, why do you have be Romeo? Forget about your father and change your name. Or else, if you won’t change your name, just swear you love me and I’ll stop being a Capulet”

  10. Figurative Language & Literary Devices • Similes • A comparison between two things using like or as: • “Cute as a kitten”, “You are as brave as a lion.” • Metaphors • A comparison between two things without using like or as: • “Her home is a prison”, “George is a sheep”. • Personification • Giving human characteristics and traits to inanimate objects • “The toaster smiled in satisfaction”, “The wind was violent”.

  11. Figurative Language & Literary Devices • Paradox: a statement that appears contradictory but contains truth. • “Don’t go near the water until you learn to swim” • Oxymoron: A term or phrase that is apparently self-contradictory. • “We are alone together”, “Living dead” • Pun: an expression that utilizes two distinct definitions of the same word or phrase to achieve emphasis or humor. • “The patient decided against an organ transplant. Instead, he changed his mind.”

  12. Dramatic Conventions and Techniques • Soliloquy: A speech delivered by a character while alone on stage. Provides insight into the character’s thoughts, emotions, and motives. • Aside: words spoken by a character on stage that are meant to be heard by the audience only. • Allusion: a reference to a person, place, myth, event which is not part of the story, but the reader is expected to recognize

  13. The Shakespearean Tragedy • “A form of drama characterized by seriousness and dignity involving a great person whose downfall is caused by a character flaw of conflict with a higher power: The law, God, Fate or society. • Usually involves a Tragic Hero

  14. The Shakespearean Tragedy: The Tragic Hero • The Tragic Hero • A nobleman, wealthy, powerful, etc. • A reversal of fortune • Plot and character’s actions are controlled by “fate” or chance • The Tragic Flaw (Hamartia) • A character trait that leads to misfortune and death … • Tragic hero faces “inner” conflict • Moral conflict, passion, to go against the rules? • A story of suffering leading to the death of the Tragic Hero

  15. Romeo and Juliet PLOT OUTLINE (The Basics) • A tragedy where two teenagers, from two different, warring families (Montague / Capulet), fall in love. • Their love can bring to two families together but tragedy strikes and tears them apart. • The young lovers are forced to go into hiding … and fate strikes again …

  16. Romeo and Juliet Major Themes • The Tragic Hero • Appearance vs. Reality • Self-Discovery (Coming of Age) • Views of Tradition and Change • Family and Society • Fate vs. Choice

  17. Romeo and Juliet: Major Characters Romeo Montague Juliet Capulet

  18. Romeo and Juliet: Major Characters • Tybalt • Mercutio

  19. Romeo and Juliet: Major Characters • Friar Lawrence • The Nurse

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