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Agenda

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Agenda

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  1.  Life Cycle Assessment Tools for the Development of Integrated Waste Management Strategies for Cities and Regions with Rapid Growing Economies  LCA-IWMProf. Johannes Jager, Emilia Szpadt, Jan den BoerTechnische Universität Darmstadt Institute WAR(Institute for Water Supply and Groundwater Protection, Wastewater Technology, Waste Management, Industrial Material Flows and Environmental Planning)

  2. Agenda • Introduction of the project • Current waste management in the EU Accession States • Proposed tools for waste management planning • State of work

  3. LCA-IWM within EU research Programme EU 5th Framework Programme1998-2002 Research Programme: Environment and Sustainable Development (EESD) Key-action “The City of Tomorrow and Cultural Heritage” 4.1 Sustainable city planning and rational resource management LCA-IWM 4.1.2 Improving the quality of urban life

  4. Consortium • Involved Municipalities: • Barcelona, Reus (Spain) Wroclaw (Poland) • Nitra (Slovakia) Xanthi (Greece) • Kaunas (Lithuania) 8 University Partners and 4 SMEs: • Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany • Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV) Grup AGA , Spain • Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Austria • Wrocław University of Technology, Poland • Democritus University of Thrace, Greece • novaTec, Luxemburg 7. De Straat Milieu adviseurs, the Netherlands • Infrastruktur & Umwelt, Germany • Servei de Tecnologia Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Spain • Wameco, Consulting company, Poland • Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania • Slovak University of Technology, Slovakia Involved Municipalities: Barcelona, Reus (Spain), Wroclaw (Poland) Nitra, (Slovakia), Xanthi, (Greece)

  5. Targeted user:waste management decision maker (planner) inEU Accession Countries and South European Regions Objectives of LCA-IWM: • Develop decision support for: • Planning of new • Optimisation of existing waste manag. systems • Two tools are proposed: • Waste Prognostic model • Criteria and quantitative indicators for assessment of the • environmental, • economic • social performance • of integrated waste management strategies

  6. Assessment model Environ-mental Waste quantity & composition • paper & cardboard Prognostic model • Waste pre-treatment & treatment • Composting • Digestion • Mech.-Biol. Pre-treatment • Incineration • Recycling: (paper, glass, metals, plastics, • WEEE) • glass Economic Collection systems, transport Final disposal • metals Temporary storage • plastics Credits: Energy Compost Secondary materials • organic waste Social • residual waste • WEEE • bulky waste • hazardous waste Project milestones

  7. Why waste prognostic model is needed Data sources: Williams, P.T., Szpadt, R., 1999 Underlying factors: Socio-economic development, consumption patterns, environmental awareness etc.

  8. Data collection on waste generation and socio-political developments • Waste Quantities • Factors of Influence • general (temp., area, population) • economic (GDP) • social (education, housing equipment) • environment (CO2 emission) • waste management (waste treatment capacity) time series: 1970 – 2001 32 states, 55 cities over 33.000 data sets

  9. Delivery: Prognostic model

  10. Why waste management planning tools are neededExample: Poland bottom lining5% accord. EU standards 25% - one layer lining 70% no isolation selective collection – app. 2% of MSW; the rest landfilled leachatecollection 20% of all landfills gas installation 10% of landfills 10 plants – el. engine

  11. Potential to develop optimal waste management systems !!! • lack of experience on advance waste management technology • lack of data for impact assessment • lack of public acceptance Why waste management planning tools are neededCase study: Poland • Polish Waste Law: • (...) the next urgent step is to develop waste management plans: • at regional level: by June 2003 • at the county level by December 2003 • at the commune level by June 2004

  12. Waste management assessment model Scenario 1 Energy Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Energy Incineration Incineration Incineration Compost Mech.-Biol. Pretreatment Composting Landfill Landfill Landfill Landfill Scenario 4 Energy Mech.-Biol. Pre-treatment Cementkiln Scenario 5 Energy Materials Compost Composting Mech.-Biol. Pretreatment Recycling Landfill

  13. Prognostic model INVENTORY Waste generation economic indicators environm. indicators social indicators Temporary storage module 1 Temporary storage module n ASSESSMENT Collection module 1 Collection module n economic criteria environm. criteria social criteria Transport module 1 Transport module n AGGREGATION Treatment module 1 Treatment module n Impact Products: energy and secondarymaterials reference scenario 1 scenario n reference scenario 1 scenario n reference scenario 1 scenario n Credit module 1 Credit module n Material / energy flow (waste, products Information flow (emissions, costs) Impact Impact LEGEND Assessment tool structure

  14. Sources of criteria selection for waste management assessment 1) General objectives of waste managementaccording to Framework Directive on Waste (74/442/EEC as amended by 91/156/EEC) 2) Specific targets of the European Waste Policy (landfill directive, packaging directive, WEEE) 3) Targets of the European 6th Environment Programme 4) Consortium understanding of sustainability in waste management • Targets of the selected municipalities • Expertise of involved partners Environmental Social Economic

  15. Environmental criteria for WM assessment - examples • global warming potential • health impact (toxic emissions) • resources consumption • reduction of landfilling of organic waste • recovery & recycling targets for glass, paper, plastics LCIA approach EU Recovery/recycling quotas

  16. Social criteria and indicators for WM assessment - examples Social acceptance Social sustainability Social function Social equity Costs allocation Benefits distribution Quality of employment Perceived risk Wasteminimisation Odour, Noise Visual impact Private and urban space consumption Waste valorisation Local employment creation minimisation

  17. Problems & Further work • European dimension • Prognosis model development – data availability • Level of detail of the assessment criteria and indicators • Quantification of standard module inventory data • Verification phase in the involved municipalities • Tools and Handbook

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