Power Mode Definitions and User Interfaces

1. Power Mode Definitions and User Interfaces US TAG - TC 108 / October 4, 2002 Bruce Nordman Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory http://eetd.LBL.gov/Controls

2. LBNL: What We Do U.S. Department of Energy National Laboratory Related to TC 108: • Codes and Standard (Appliances) • ENERGY STAR Specifications (IT, CE) • 1-Watt Standby Power Initiative • TC 59: Standby Power Test Procedure • User Interface Standard Power Management Controls

3. UI Background / Rationale • Existing Power Management Controls: • Hidden, Confusing (Inconsistent), Absent • Power Management Enabling Rates Low • Lots of Wasted Energy • Poor User Image of Energy Efficiency, Product Quality Power Management Controls

4. Office Equipment Energy(Annual Electricity — TWh/year) No Power Management Now(ENERGYSTAR) Potential(100% Enabling) $1.9B $1.3B Power Management Controls

5. Solution • Create broadly similar interfaces for power / power management control across all office equipment and consumer electronics • Accomplish this by creating a voluntary standard for interface elements • Institutionalize the standard through international standards, industry standards, and marketing to industry • Expected Result: Increased enabling rates and use of existing power management capability Power Management Controls

6. Existing power-related ISO/IEC“Graphical Symbols For Use On Equipment” Few U.S. residents can identify and define many of these Power Management Controls

7. Structure of Standard • Static • Six principles: terms, symbols, indicators • Many overlap with existing standards • Dynamic • Nine principles: behavior over time • More akin to design guidelines Power Management Controls

8. Three Basic StatesOn, Off, Sleep • Within a state, device has consistent capability, behavior (e.g. state change) • May have more states, but all mapped into forms of the basic three Power Management Controls

9. The Term “Power” • For indicators, switches/buttons • Need standard translation • Possible “international word” (voice) Power Management Controls

10. Power Symbols • Drop as a symbol. • Change meaning of from “Standby” to “Power” • Symbols and/or Indicators Power Management Controls

11. Indicators • Use Green / Amber / Off for On / Sleep / Off • Blinking only for transitions or non-power meanings • Possible standard (optional) audio indications Power Management Controls

12. SleepMetaphor and Symbol • “Sleep” is most compelling metaphor, and has clear extensions (e.g. “waking up”). • is already common and seems clear Power Management Controls

13. Hibernate • “Hibernate” is a form of “Off” • Need a new term - perhaps “off” Power Management Controls

14. Dynamic Behavior (1)  Use “power up” to mean turn on or wake up, and “power down” for turn off or go to sleep.  Use flashing green on the power indicator for powering up and flashing amber for powering down.  Provide optional audio indications for power state transitions.  Alternating green/amber can be used to mean error if red is not available. Power Management Controls

15. Dynamic Behavior (2)  The power button toggles between the two most common power states.  When a device is asleep, pressing the power button will (usually) wake it up.  Holding down a power button for an extended time will trigger an emergency action.  Usually, when a device is asleep, the input causing a wake event should be discarded.  Provide icons to show what types of input may be active. Power Management Controls

16. Moon: Construction This use of moon seems OK re: Islam Power Management Controls

17. Implications • Hardware • Protocols (e.g. ACPI, network) • Software (Operating Systems, Applications) • Labeling (ENERGY STAR, TCO) • Standards • Existing (Symbols, Indicators, Safety, ???) • New (IEEE, general UI) Power Management Controls

18. What TC 108 Can Do • Endorse the merit of a user interface standard (w/ or w/o endorsing its content) • Forward the interface standard to all appropriate committees and working groups • TC 3, TC 16, ISO 145, JTC1 35, ??? • Consider the terminology for TC 108 standards Power Management Controls

19. Possible Discussion • TC 108 future role • Safety aspects of power symbols and indicators • IEEE standard role • Terminology Power Management Controls

20. Power Modes Power modes occur in: • Consumer usage (colloquial, products) • Internal Terminology (interfaces, protocols, etc.) • ENERGY STAR Specifications • Standards (test procedures, UI definitions) • Other Energy Policy (regulations, energy standards) For each, may vary widely by product type • Office equipment, consumer electronics, etc. Power Management Controls

21. Power Modes, cont. • We should strive towards harmonizing terms, metaphors, and definitions across usage contexts and device types • With fast evolution, test procedures need to anticipate future products and technologies and be adaptable • With devices commonly connected, standards for the information environment/context need to be part of any test procedures Power Management Controls

22. Questions/Comments Power Management Controls

23. PC Sample State Diagram Power Management Controls

24. Power Management Controls

25. Colors • Accessibility re: Color Deficiency • Studies for Traffic Signal Lights • Can specify LEDs that are accessible Power Management Controls