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Spectroscopy of Biopolymers

Spectroscopy of Biopolymers. Introduction to Biopolymers (II) Nucleic Acids. Structure of nucleic acid. 去氧核醣核酸 DNA. 去氧核醣核酸 DNA. 磷酸. 五碳醣. 鹼基. 核 甘 酸. 核 甘. 鹼基間氫鍵. 主 鏈. 去氧核醣核酸 DNA. T. A. C. G. Torsion Angles in nucleic Acids.

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Spectroscopy of Biopolymers

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  1. Spectroscopy of Biopolymers Introduction to Biopolymers (II) Nucleic Acids

  2. Structure of nucleic acid

  3. 去氧核醣核酸DNA

  4. 去氧核醣核酸DNA 磷酸 五碳醣 鹼基 核 甘 酸 核 甘 鹼基間氫鍵 主 鏈

  5. 去氧核醣核酸DNA T A C G

  6. Torsion Angles in nucleic Acids The structure of nucleic acids are defined by the torsion angles along the phosphoribose backbone (a toz), the torsion angles within the sugar ring( n0 to n4) and the rotation of the nucleobase relative to the sugar (c). Rotation about c places the base either extended from the ribose (anti) or sitting above the ring (syn)

  7. Sugar conformation of nucleic acids

  8. 去氧核醣核酸DNA

  9. A-Form RNA or DNA • Most RNA and RNA-DNA duplex in this form • Shorter, wider helix than B. • Deep, narrow major groove not easily accessible to proteins • Wide, shallow minor groove accessible to proteins, but lower information content than major groove. • Favored conformation at low water concentrations • Base pairs tilted to helix axis and displaced from axis • Sugar pucker C3'-endo (in RNA 2'-OH inhibits C2'-endo conformation)

  10. B-Form DNA • Most common DNA conformation in vivo • Narrower, more elongated helix than A. • Wide major groove easily accessible to proteins • Narrow minor groove • Favored conformation at high water concentrations (hydration of minor groove seems to favor B-form) • Base pairs nearly perpendicular to helix axis • Sugar pucker C2'-endo • Look at this spacefilling view of B-form DNA.

  11. Helix has left-handed sense Can be formed in vivo, given proper sequence and superhelical tension, but function remains obscure. Narrower, more elongated helix than A or B. Major "groove" not really groove Narrow minor groove Conformation favored by high salt concentrations, some base substitutions, but requires alternating purine-pyrimidine sequence. N2-amino of G H-bonds to 5' PO: explains slow exchange of proton, need for G purine. Base pairs nearly perpendicular to helix axis

  12. Z-form DNA • GpC repeat, not single base-pair • P-P distances: vary for GpC and CpG • GpC stack: good base overlap • CpG: less overlap. • Zigzag backbone due to C sugar conformation compensating for G glycosidic bond conformation • Conformations: • G; syn, C2'-endo • C; anti, C3'-endo

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