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An Absurdly Short History o f Christianity Part 6 Enthusiasm & Doubt

Explore the journey of Christianity from protest to schism, doctrinal development, pluralism, state influence, formation of denominations, conflicts with science and ideas, and the birth of Islam. Witness the evolution of the Roman Catholic Church, the impact of decolonization, and the rise of African Christianity. Discover the path to social change, ordination of women, and the Second Vatican Council, leading to internal reforms and ecumenism. Delve into the emergence of liberation theology, challenging traditional beliefs.

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An Absurdly Short History o f Christianity Part 6 Enthusiasm & Doubt

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  1. An Absurdly Short History of Christianity Part 6 Enthusiasm & Doubt

  2. The story so far Protest leads to schism All sides work on doctrine First signs of pluralism State starts to get the upper hand Jewish -> Christian identity shift Formation through persecution Institutionalization First signs of official public role Deism and agnosticism rise Renewal breeds denominations The Church wrestles with science Wars lead to confusion Church wrestles with ideas Conciliar decision-making First cracks in unity Birth of Islam Crusades have mixed results East/West unity disrupted Church practices draw criticism Politicians resist Church influence

  3. Where we left off

  4. Precedents 1910 Missionary Congress (Protestant) Patriarch Germanos 1920 Letter

  5. World Council of Churches (1948)

  6. World Council of Churches (1948) Most Orthodox Anglicans Many Protestants Some Pentecostal Churches Some Baptist Churches Some Independent Churches But not the Roman Catholic Church

  7. Decolonization decouples state and church

  8. Christians in Africa Millions

  9. African Christianity

  10. The 1950s bring full churches…

  11. …and the beginning of social changes

  12. Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel Clergy out in front

  13. Episcopalians Clergy out in front

  14. Anti-war movement

  15. Anti-war movement The Berrigan brothers

  16. Ordination of women 1970 ELCA 1863 Unitarian 1948 AME 1919 Pentecostal Church of God 1853 UCC 1974 ECUSA 1876 American Baptist 1956 United Methodist & Presbyterian Church USA 1935 Assemblies Of God mid-1600s Quaker

  17. Ordination of women ? Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox Southern Baptist Lutheran – Missouri Synod Some non-denominational

  18. The clergy may lead… …but do the people follow?

  19. Meanwhile, back in Rome…

  20. Second Vatican Council (1962-1965)

  21. Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) Internal changes Mass in the vernacular Simplified liturgical calendar Celebration versus populum or ad orientam Revision of the Missal Broadening of standards for modern expressions in music and art (vestments, statuary)

  22. Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) SacrosanctamConcilium Liturgical changes

  23. Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) Lumen Gentium “Nevertheless, many elements of sanctification and of truth are found outside [the Roman Catholic Church’s] visible confines.” Opened the door to ecumenism Fiercely contested by traditionalists

  24. Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) Dei Verbum Changed the Church’s position on historical criticism of scripture Acknowledged that some books of the Bible may not have been written by the authors named by tradition

  25. Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) Gaudium et Spes Recognized the growing modern roles of civil society and science Acknowledged that people outside the Church were also working for worthy goals, and encouraged dialog on social issues Called for greater social and economic justice

  26. What many Catholics actually saw

  27. What many Catholics actually saw

  28. New ideas lead to new ideas

  29. New ideas lead to new ideas Liberation theology Mainly Catholic, but others too Mainly Latin America, but elsewhere too Focuses on liberation of the oppressed Sometimes sees the Church hierarchy as part of the oppressing class Accused at times of Marxist leanings

  30. New ideas lead to new ideas Liberation theology Faith is not limited to affirming the existence of God. No, faith tells us that God loves us and demands a loving response. This response is given through love for human beings, and that is what we mean by a commitment to God and to our neighbor.  Fr Gustavo Gutierrez, OP

  31. Familiar ideas continue to smolder What does the Bible say and who should interpret it? How do faith and culture interact? How can tradition (history, past practice) and reason (present conditions) coexist? Is there a “happy balance” of inward holiness and outward righteousness?

  32. Seekers

  33. Young traditionalists

  34. Increasing numbers with no religious affiliation or experience

  35. Recession of the church from public prominence

  36. And as the “center of mass” moves south, non-Europeans expect to have a voice

  37. We end where we began

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