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Hard Shoulder Running (HSR) in the Netherlands

Hard Shoulder Running (HSR) in the Netherlands. Bert Helleman Senior Consultant Smart roads and ATMS AVV Transport Research Centre. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands. Content. Introduction and background Design & Lay out Additional facilities Innovative instruments

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Hard Shoulder Running (HSR) in the Netherlands

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  1. Hard Shoulder Running (HSR) in the Netherlands Bert HellemanSenior Consultant Smart roads and ATMSAVV Transport Research Centre Scanning tour FHWA

  2. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Content • Introduction and background • Design & Lay out • Additional facilities • Innovative instruments • Research and practice • HSR and incident management

  3. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA • Introduction and background • Design & Lay out • Additional facilities • Innovative instruments • Research and practice • HSR and incident management

  4. Threat to Network function (today) Incidental bottlenecks(until ± 1970) Some structural bottlenecks(1970 - 1985) ‘Overall’ bottlenecks during peak hours (1985 - 1995) Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Introduction & background 1994: strong growth congestion and increasing network failures Traffic policy: maintenance, more efficient use, road widening 1995: Traffic Management Program 1995 – 2000 • Traffic management: from experiments to large programme • 2003: Traffic management is usual business • 2004 - 2007: program ZSM (hard shoulder running) and regional traffic management (area approach)

  5. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Introduction & background 1994: strong growth congestion and increasing network failures Traffic policy: maintenance, more efficient use, road widening 1995: Traffic Management Program 1995 – 2000 • Traffic management: from experiments to large programme • 2003: Traffic management is usual business • 2004 - 2007: program ZSM (hard shoulder running) and regional traffic management (area approach)

  6. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Introduction & background Main issues of ZSM Program • Improve infrastructure (missing links in road network) • Improve utilization (HSR, planning road works, IM) • Improve procedures (rush act) • Improve input from road users (periodic road user polls)

  7. HSR and plus lanes (in use) ~ 150 km HSR and plus lanes (planned) ~ 235 km Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Introduction & background ZSM program 2004 – 2007 Zwolle Amsterdam Utrecht The Hague Arnhem Rotterdam Eindhoven

  8. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Introduction & background Variable cross section3 basic concepts Future? • HSR(hard shoulder use) • plus lane(variable left lane) • flexroad(dynamic cross section) Common practice

  9. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Introduction & background Variable cross section3 basic concepts Future? • HSR(hard shoulder use) • plus lane(variable left lane) • flexroad(dynamic cross section) Common practice

  10. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA • Introduction and background • Design & Lay out of HSR • Additional facilities • HSR and incident management • Research and practice • Innovative instruments

  11. 100 Spitsstrookopen Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Design & Lay out of HSR lanes • Starting position = Situation outside peak hours- self explaining standard Motorway cross section • Adoption of ‘German’ solution:- Special sign (provision of law)- Continuous marking line- Use of VMS-lane signs only during peak hours(and temporary in case of incidents)

  12. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Design & Lay out of HSR lanes Variable lane signs on gantries Off Peak Peak

  13. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Design & Lay out of HSR lanes Variable HSR Sign with speed limit Off Peak Peak

  14. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Design & Lay out of HSR lanes Variable route signing of HSR lane at exit Off Peak Peak

  15. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Design & Lay out of HSR lanes Two stage merging to/from link roads Off Peak Peak

  16. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Design & Lay out of HSR lanes A ride on the A50

  17. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA • Introduction and background • Design & Lay out • Additional facilities • Innovative instruments • Research and practice • HSR and incident management

  18. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Additional facilities • MTM system (overhead lane signs) • ERA’s (Emergency Refuge Areas) • Speed reduction at times of HSR • Variable Route signs at junctions • Advanced Incident Detection • CCTV surveillance • Incident Management • Public lighting

  19. Source:“Einsatzkriterien für Nothaltebuchten” University Bochum Hanno Bäumer (2002) Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Additional facilities German Research on ERA’s (Emergency Refuge Areas) • Average use 185 / 106 veh.km • Approx. 90% used as a ‘parking place’ (5% real break down) • Great impact of distance between refuge areas. • Very few accidents caused by breakdown vehicles but … - great severity of accidents (2 - 3 times)- particular at dawn/night conditions (70%)

  20. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Additional facilities Incident detection: Main Objectives 1.Safety prevention of (secondary) accidents (fast protection of breakdown vehicles) 2. Accessibility for emergency services (fast clearing lanes) Low volume traffic False alarms Compromise ! Missing events High volume traffic

  21. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Additional facilities Incident detection: historyEarlier system (dense loop detector system with speed threshold)- very expensive (about 35% of total costs)- many false alarms in case of heavy traffic flows (slow moving vehicles) Present system:- AID (proven system) and blockade loop detector (optimising)- Mobile phones 112 (problem: location verification) Future: - Testing other (reliable) techniques (some scepticism on video detection) - New technics e-call (perfect location verification)

  22. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Additional facilities Incident detection: road blockade detector • Promising algorithm, now to be tested in real-time • Relies on steady flow, unreliable at low traffic volumes • Hard shoulder running implies ‘high’ volumes Alternatives: • Infra red, Video detection • Slow vehicle detection (with or without filtering) have their own drawbacks 15 – 20 km/u 80 – 120 km/u 1 2 Drop in traffic flow downstream(with check on downstream speed) 3 4 Loop detectors

  23. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA • Introduction and background • Design & Lay out • Additional facilities • Innovative instruments • Research and practice • HSR and incident management

  24. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA ??? Innovative instruments: dynamic road marking From development ……….... to ………..…. large application DTM projects Road user Pilots Technical tests Prelimenary demands Requirements Go / no go A15 (1999)A12 (2001)A44 (2003)TC-AVV (2004) A50 (HSR)A2 (Lane closure)(2004/2005) To be defined From closed ….………. to …………….. open market

  25. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Innovative instruments Dynamic road marking (DRM)

  26. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Innovative instruments Application DRM: flexible HSR exit Off peak vluchtstrook

  27. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Innovative instruments Application DRM: flexible HSR exit peak HSR lane

  28. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA • Introduction and background • Design & Lay out • Additional facilities • Innovative instruments • Research and practice • HSR and incident management

  29. links rechts spitsstrook links midden rechts Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Research and Practice Lane occupation HSR 6-lane Motorway HSR A2

  30. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Research and Practice Traffic safety Note: Figures are based on “simple”HSR lanes between two junctions. New HSR lanes will go over junctions and are therefore more complex.

  31. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Research and Practice Monitoring and evaluation • Quick scan on every new HSR project - Critical view on design (compliance in off peak)- Possible constrains in IM (accessibility emergency services)- Working processes in TMC (check on protocols) • National evaluation of ZSM-program - Effects on accessibility- Effects on safety- Evaluation of process (organisation)

  32. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA • Introduction and background • Design & Lay out • Additional facilities • Innovative instruments • Research and practice • HSR and incident management

  33. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA HSR and Incident management Organisation & Incident management • SLA’s (between road manger and emergency authorities) • Guidelines IM and protocols on HSR lanes (for TMC) • Calamity schemes (Legislation) • Central towing turn out • Key role for TMC (spider in web)

  34. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA HSR and Incident management Practice:Incident on a HSR section

  35. Situation: HSR in operation Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA HSR and Incident management

  36. Incident occurs: accident on HSR lane incident Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA HSR and Incident management

  37. AID system activated (speed drops under 35 km/u) 50 70 70 70 50 50 50 incident 50 50 A.I.D.(tailback warning) Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA HSR and Incident management

  38. Action TMC operator: protection Incident location incident 50 50 50 70 50 50 50 70 70 Red X measure Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA HSR and Incident management

  39. Action TMC operator: clearing HSR lane incident 70 50 50 50 50 50 50 70 50 50 50 50 Extended Red X measure Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA HSR and Incident management

  40. Action Emergency vehicles: Acces via HSR lane incident 70 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 70 50 50 50 50 50 70 Settlement incident and traffic control by police on location Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA HSR and Incident management

  41. Hard Shoulder Running in the Netherlands Scanning tour FHWA Thanks for your attention ! Any questions ?

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