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Digital Media

Digital Media. Dr. Jim Rowan ITEC 2110 Animation. URLs. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Walt_Disney_Snow_white_1937_trailer_screenshot_%2812%29.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Animation_cells.png http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Simpsons_FamilyPicture.png

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Digital Media

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  1. Digital Media Dr. Jim Rowan ITEC 2110 Animation

  2. URLs http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Walt_Disney_Snow_white_1937_trailer_screenshot_%2812%29.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Animation_cells.png http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Simpsons_FamilyPicture.png http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:South_Park_production_comparison.png http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/images/cutout/pram.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SouthParkHD.png

  3. Two ways to create moving images • Capture using a camera • edit in a video editor like iMovie • Create using animation techniques • today we will spend most of our time here

  4. Two ways to create moving images • Capture using a camera • edit in a video editor like iMovie • Create using animation techniques

  5. Image Capture and iMovie... Capture images using miniDV camera Manipulate using iMovie

  6. Two ways to create moving images • Capture using a camera • edit in a video editor like iMovie • Create using animation techniques

  7. Animation • “Bring to life” using still images to create frames • Many techniques • draw each frame individually (FlipBook) • paint on (or otherwise modify) existing video or film • rotoscope changes frames of an existing film • Trace some portion of a frame and delete it • Add something drawn-in later • cell animation • cut-out manipulation • clayMation or modeling clay manipulation • mixed cell and film

  8. Walt Disney Snow White 1937

  9. Cell Animation... Only have to re-create the parts that change Use paintings on clear plastic Can have a background that is larger than the frame and “slides” past

  10. Cell Animation... • Disney had an army of excellent painters • More skilled painters painted key frames • Less skilled filled in between the key frames • Known as “tweeners” • Shadows had to be individually painted

  11. Disney’s original cells sell for a fortune • So... what about “Simpsons?”

  12. Simpsons • Cell animation • First 14 episodes were hand painted • Subsequent episodes used digital-ink-and-paint to mimic hand-painted cells • So... what about “South Park?”

  13. South Park • Pilot was cut-out animation in the style of Terry Gilliam of Monty Python’s Flying Circus fame

  14. South Park • After the pilot, episodes used computer animation that mimicked cut-outs • So… why cut-outs?

  15. Simpsons vs Southpark • Simpsons takes 6-8 Months per episode • produces reasonably high quality animations • South Park takes 6 weeks • so... if you want to have a plot that is derived from very current events, cut out animation allows you to get it produced before it becomes dated

  16. Animation Process... • You need to create drawings by some means... • 2D model to 2D frame • hand drawn • cell • cutout • 3D model to 2D frame • physical model manipulation • aka stop motion clay-mation • 3D computer modeling

  17. Animation Process Examples • 2D model producing 2D images? • South Park (cutout) • Simpsons (cell) • 3D model producing 2D images? • 3D model manipulation • Gumby • Wallace and Gromit • 3D computer modeling • Toy Story • Up

  18. Animation Process • Create drawings by some means… • 2D model producing 2D images • create an image • store the image as a frame • create another image...

  19. Animation Process • Create drawings by some means.. • 3D model producing 2D images • Two approaches (physical model and 3D animation models • both have these elements • produce the model • manipulate the model • define light source • define camera position and angle • take a picture

  20. 3D model, 2D images • Use a physical 3D model • build the model • set the lighting • set the camera position and angle • make a frame • move the model • make a frame • move the model... • Very time-consuming! • Wallace and Gromit • 30 frames per day, 5 years to produce

  21. 3D model, 2D images Using a vector-based 3D model (like Blender) • build the model: time consuming • define light source(s) (in the computer) • define camera position and angle (in the computer) • move the model: set key frames and time frame • render the frames: computationally expensive

  22. Other Computer Animation Techniques Create a series of image files and import them to Quicktime Build an animated GIF Directly manipulate cutouts

  23. Build an animated GIF • Allows for sequences of images to be placed in one “image” that, when displayed, shows movement

  24. Directly Manipulate Cutouts

  25. Key Frames • Came from Disney following Ford’s ideas • Break production into simpler tasks • Assign tasks to less skilled labor • At Disney, Key Frames, the important frames, • done by skilled animators • came at important portions of the action • came at scene changes • Less skilled labor connected the action • key-frame to key frame (in-betweeners) • Process is similar to interpolation

  26. Key Frame Interpolation • This is natural since model is in the computer as numbers already • Forms of interpolation • linear... motion follows a straight line • velocity is constant • moves same distance for each unit of time • not natural... instantly starts, instantly stops • quadratic... motion follows a curve • acceleration (deceleration) is constant • “easing in” and “easing out”

  27. Achieving natural human motion This is REALLY hard to do unless you use motion-capture http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_capture

  28. Making of AVATAR http://www.popfi.com/wp-content/uploads/avatar-motion-capture.jpg

  29. Making of AVATAR http://i.ytimg.com/vi/fOHPCI_9-eQ/0.jpg

  30. Making of AVATAR http://images.vizworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/avatar-mocap-530x299.png

  31. Making of AVATAR http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_UqUwVPikChs/S1_g9b22WrI/AAAAAAAAL8E/_3L22G2g7Ls/s400/avatar3.jpg

  32. Making of AVATAR http://www.davidbordwell.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/Avatar-mo-cap-21.jpg

  33. Making of AVATARVideo • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KezEULMEvhQ • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cSC6GZwV1a8&feature=related

  34. Virtual Reality • Total immersive VR (full 3 dimensions) • Stereo head mounted display • sensors to detect your position • on your head • on your hands (or any other part that will be in the scene • Quicktime VR and VRML (3D on 2D screen) • not immersive (you aren’t in them directly) • not stereo vision • viewed on a screen • you can navigate through them http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/eng/johnny_lee_demos_wii_remote_hacks.html

  35. Augmented Reality http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m74G_fW6M0k&feature=fvw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7JWk_JIE3Ow&feature=related http://technoccult.net/archives/2010/02/04/futurist-chris-arkenberg-interviewed-by-technoccult/ http://cdn.slashgear.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/qualcomm_augmented_reality_sdk-580x399.jpg http://gigaom.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/rockem.jpeg

  36. Augmented Reality

  37. Augmented Reality

  38. Augmented Reality

  39. Augmented Reality

  40. Questions?

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