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The Breathalyser Reaction C 2 H 2 OH + Cr 2 O 7 2- → CH 3 COOH + Cr 3+

The Breathalyser Reaction C 2 H 2 OH + Cr 2 O 7 2- → CH 3 COOH + Cr 3+ Ethanol Orange Acetic Acid Green If the orange colour decreases there is alcohol present. It is measured with a spectrophotometer. The more it decreases , the higher the blood alcohol content.

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The Breathalyser Reaction C 2 H 2 OH + Cr 2 O 7 2- → CH 3 COOH + Cr 3+

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  1. The Breathalyser Reaction C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ EthanolOrangeAcetic AcidGreen If the orangecolour decreases there is alcohol present. It is measured with a spectrophotometer. The more it decreases, the higher the blood alcohol content. Legal Limit Class 5 Licence 0.08 mg/mL Legal Limit New Driver0.00 mg/mL Substance Oxidized Substance Reduced Reducing Agent Oxidizing Agent

  2. The Breathalyser Reaction Look at the oxidation numbers! -0.5+6 0 +3 C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ EthanolOrangeAcetic AcidGreen If the orangecolour decreases there is alcohol present. It is measured with a spectrophotometer. The more it decreases, the higher the blood alcohol content. Legal Limit Class 5 Licence 0.08 mg/mL Legal Limit New Driver0.00 mg/mL Substance Oxidized Substance Reduced Reducing Agent Oxidizing Agent

  3. The Breathalyser Reaction Look at the oxidation numbers! -0.5+6 0 +3 C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ EthanolOrangeAcetic AcidGreen If the orangecolour decreases there is alcohol present. It is measured with a spectrophotometer. The more it decreases, the higher the blood alcohol content. Legal Limit Class 5 Licence 0.08 mg/mL Legal Limit New Driver0.00 mg/mL Substance Oxidized C2H2OH Substance Reduced Reducing Agent Oxidizing Agent

  4. The Breathalyser Reaction Look at the oxidation numbers! -0.5+6 0 +3 C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ EthanolOrangeAcetic AcidGreen If the orangecolour decreases there is alcohol present. It is measured with a spectrophotometer. The more it decreases, the higher the blood alcohol content. Legal Limit Class 5 Licence 0.08 mg/mL Legal Limit New Driver0.00 mg/mL Substance Oxidized C2H2OH Substance Reduced Reducing Agent C2H2OH Oxidizing Agent

  5. The Breathalyser Reaction Look at the oxidation numbers! -0.5+6 0 +3 C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ EthanolOrangeAcetic AcidGreen If the orangecolour decreases there is alcohol present. It is measured with a spectrophotometer. The more it decreases, the higher the blood alcohol content. Legal Limit Class 5 Licence 0.08 mg/mL Legal Limit New Driver0.00 mg/mL Substance Oxidized C2H2OH Substance Reduced Cr2O72- Reducing Agent C2H2OH Oxidizing Agent  

  6. The Breathalyser Reaction Look at the oxidation numbers! -0.5+6 0 +3 C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ EthanolOrangeAcetic AcidGreen If the orangecolour decreases there is alcohol present. It is measured with a spectrophotometer. The more it decreases, the higher the blood alcohol content. Legal Limit Class 5 Licence 0.08 mg/mL Legal Limit New Driver0.00 mg/mL Substance Oxidized C2H2OH Substance Reduced Cr2O72- Reducing Agent C2H2OH Oxidizing Agent Cr2O72-

  7. Balance in acid solution C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+

  8. Balance in acid solution C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ Cr2O72- → Cr3+ C2H2OH → CH3COOH

  9. Balance in acid solution C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ Cr2O72- → 2Cr3+ C2H2OH → CH3COOH

  10. Balance in acid solution C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ Cr2O72- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O C2H2OH + H2O→ CH3COOH

  11. Balance in acid solution C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ 14H+ + Cr2O72- + → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O C2H2OH + H2O→ CH3COOH + H+

  12. Balance in acid solution C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ 14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O C2H2OH + H2O→ CH3COOH + H+ + 1e-

  13. Balance in acid solution C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ 14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O 6(C2H2OH + H2O→ CH3COOH+ H+ + 1e-)

  14. Balance in acid solution C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ 14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O 6(C2H2OH + H2O→ CH3COOH+ H+ + 1e-) 14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH + 6H2O → 2Cr3++7H2O+6CH3COOH+6H+

  15. Balance in acid solution C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ 14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O 6(C2H2OH + H2O→ CH3COOH+ H+ + 1e-) 8 1 14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH + 6H2O → 2Cr3++7H2O+6CH3COOH+6H+

  16. Balance in acid solution C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ 14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O 6(C2H2OH + H2O→ CH3COOH+ H+ + 1e-) 8H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3+ + 1H2O + 6CH3COOH

  17. Balance in acid solution C2H2OH + Cr2O72- → CH3COOH + Cr3+ 14H+ + Cr2O72- + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O 6(C2H2OH + H2O→ CH3COOH+ H+ + 1e-) 8H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3+ + 1H2O + 6CH3COOH +6 +6

  18. Balance in base solution 8H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3+ + 1H2O + 6CH3COOH

  19. Balance in base solution 8H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3+ + 1H2O + 6CH3COOH 8OH- 8OH-

  20. Balance in base solution 8H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3+ + 1H2O + 6CH3COOH 8OH-8H2O 8OH-

  21. Balance in base solution 8H+ + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3+ + 1H2O + 6CH3COOH 8OH-8H2O 8OH-

  22. Balance in base solution Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3 + 1H2O + 6CH3COOH + 8OH- 7 8H2O

  23. Balance in base solution 7H2O + Cr2O72- + 6C2H2OH → 2Cr3+ + 6CH3COOH + 8OH-

  24. Review of Cells ElectrochemicalElectrolytic Is a power supplyRequires power supply Spontaneous (+ ve)Nonspontaneous(-ve) Makes electricityMakes chemicals Reduction is highest on Chart Reduction is the –ve

  25. For all cells: Cations migrate to the cathode, which is the site of reduction. Anions migrate to the anode, which is the site of oxidation. Electrons travel through the wire from anode to cathode.

  26. Complete the Chart Electrochemical Cell: Zn, Zn(NO3)2 II Cu, CuSO4 Anode:Reaction: Cathode:Reaction: E0 =

  27. Complete the Chart Electrochemical Cell: Zn, Zn(NO3)2 II Cu, CuSO4 Anode:ZnReaction: Cathode:CuReaction: E0 = Higher on reduction Chart

  28. Complete the Chart Electrochemical Cell: Zn, Zn(NO3)2 II Cu, CuSO4 Anode:ZnReaction:Zn → Zn2+ + 2e- 0.76 v Cathode:CuReaction: E0 = Higher on reduction Chart

  29. Complete the Chart Electrochemical Cell: Zn, Zn(NO3)2 II Cu, CuSO4 Anode:ZnReaction:Zn(s) → Zn2+ + 2e- 0.76 v Cathode:CuReaction:Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu(s) 0.34 v E0 = Higher on reduction Chart

  30. Complete the Chart Electrochemical Cell: Zn, Zn(NO3)2 II Cu, CuSO4 Anode:ZnReaction:Zn → Zn2+ + 2e- 0.76 v Cathode:CuReaction:Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu(s) 0.34 v E0 = 1.10 v Higher on reduction Chart

  31. Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3 Anode: Reaction: Cathode: Reaction:

  32. Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3 Al3+ Cl- Anode: C Reaction: Cathode: C Reaction:

  33. Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3 Al3+ Cl- Anode: C Reaction: Cathode: C Reaction: Put the vowels together: Anode Anion Oxidation

  34. Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3 Al3+ Cl- Anode: C Reaction: 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e- -1.36 v Cathode: C Reaction: Put the vowels together: Anode Anion Oxidation Oxidation of Anion

  35. Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3 Anode: C Reaction: 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e- -1.36 v Cathode: C Reaction: Put the consonants together: Cathode Cation Reduction

  36. Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3 Anode: C Reaction: 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e- -1.36 v Cathode: C Reaction: Al3+ + 3e- → Al -1.66 v Put the consonants together: Cathode Cation Reduction Reduction of Cation

  37. Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3 Anode: C Reaction: 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e- -1.36 v Cathode: C Reaction: Al3+ + 3e- → Al -1.66 v E0 = -3.02 v

  38. Electrolytic Cell: Molten AlCl3 Anode: C Reaction: 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e- -1.36 v Cathode: C Reaction: Al3+ + 3e- → Al -1.66 v E0 = -3.02 v MTV = +3.02 v

  39. Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq) Anode: Cathode:

  40. Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq) K+ Br- H2O Anode:C Cathode:C

  41. Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq) K+ Br- H2O Anode:C Cathode:C Put the vowels together: Anode Anion or water Oxidation

  42. Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq) Anode:C2Br- → Br2 + 2e--1.09 v Cathode:C Oxidation of Anion or Water Take Lower one!

  43. Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq) Anode:C2Br- → Br2 + 2e--1.09 v Cathode:C Put the consonants together: Cathode Cation or water Reduction Oxidation of Anion or Water Take Lower one!

  44. Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq) Anode:C2Br- → Br2 + 2e--1.09 v Cathode:C2H2O + 2e- → H2 + 2OH--0.41 v Put the consonants together: Cathode Cation or water Reduction Oxidation of Anion or Water Take Lower one! Reduction of Cation or Water Take Higher one!

  45. Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq) Anode:C2Br- → Br2 + 2e--1.09 v Cathode:C2H2O + 2e- → H2 + 2OH--0.41 v E0 = -1.50 v Oxidation of Anion or Water Take Lower one! Reduction of Cation or Water Take Higher one!

  46. Electrolytic Cell: KBr(aq) Anode:C2Br- → Br2 + 2e--1.09 v Cathode:C2H2O + 2e- → H2 + 2OH--0.41 v E0 = -1.50 v MTV = +1.50 v Oxidation of Anion or Water Take Lower one! Reduction of Cation or Water Take Higher one!

  47. Electrochemical Cell: Ag, AgNO3 II Sn, Sn(NO3)2 Cathode: Anode:

  48. Electrochemical Cell: Ag, AgNO3 II Sn, Sn(NO3)2 *higher Cathode:Ag Anode:

  49. Electrochemical Cell: Ag, AgNO3 II Sn, Sn(NO3)2 *higher Cathode:AgAg+ + e- → Ag(s)+0.80 v Anode:

  50. Electrochemical Cell: Ag, AgNO3 II Sn, Sn(NO3)2 *higher Cathode:AgAg+ + e- → Ag(s)+0.80 v Anode: Sn

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