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The New Deal

The New Deal. FDR to the rescue!. New Deal Legislation. Relief Recovery Reform. Relief Policies. Unprecedented federal involvement in welfare Helped the “forgotten men” and their families Did not help all Some were unemployable and states were unwilling or unable to help them

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The New Deal

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  1. The New Deal FDR to the rescue!

  2. New Deal Legislation • Relief • Recovery • Reform

  3. Relief Policies • Unprecedented federal involvement in welfare • Helped the “forgotten men” and their families • Did not help all • Some were unemployable and states were unwilling or unable to help them • relief policies often were only a “partial success”

  4. Federal Depository Insurance Corporation The FDIC was created in 1933 in response to the thousands of bank failures that occurred in the 1920s and early 1930s.  As the FDIC celebrates its 75th anniversary, we present a historical perspective on the rich history of protecting consumers. (FDIC Website) • insure individual accounts up to $5,000 • relief / reform

  5. National Youth Administration provided work training based on U.S. citizenship and financial need for youth between ages sixteen and twenty-five offering courses in writing, reading, and arithmetic train unemployed, out-of-school youth provide work-study training for high school, college, and graduate students

  6. Expansion of training for African - American youth

  7. Heights Community Center

  8. Vocational Training

  9. Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) • Employed 2.5 million young men • Men 18 - 25 Facilitate gang reconciliations Spearhead river cleanups Read to Head Starters in underserved communities Fix potholes Weed gardens for the elderly Assist settlement house patrons Provide at-home help for busy working moms

  10. White River National Wildlife Refuge

  11. Silver Falls State Park

  12. Needles Lookout

  13. Civil Works Administration “Boy Scout" work accounted for about 3% of the total population Formerly unemployed men and women would shovel snow, rake leaves, and clean up National parks through that winter

  14. Works Progress Administration (WPA) • Most important relief agency • $11 billion • Short-term, make-work projects to help the unemployed • Built 2500 hospitals, 5900 schools, 13,000 playgrounds • Funds for theater, arts and writers projects • Financial aid to 2 million HS and college students • Aid to 2.6 million young people not in school

  15. Timberline Lodge

  16. Snake House at San Diego Zoo built by WPA

  17. WPA

  18. Outer Drive Bridge Chicago

  19. Western Illinois University

  20. New Trier High School

  21. “Partial success” Pump priming Recovery Programs

  22. Public Work Adminitration - to administer the construction of various public works such as public buildings, bridges, dams, and housing developments • to make loans to states and municipalities for • similar projects • budgeted several billion dollars to be spent • on the construction of public works - designed to spend "big bucks on big projects."

  23. North and Clybourn El Chicago

  24. Chicago sewer

  25. Triboroughs Bridge

  26. National Industrial Recovery Act • 2 year emergency program • adopt a fair code of practices • - Wagner Act .... labor can organize collective bargaining • strikes • Schector v. U.S. (1935) • - NlRA declared unconstitutional in 1935 (WHY?) National Labor Relations Board • power to conduct elections implants • choose which unions could engage in collective bargaining • Board of Arbitration • Critics (i.e. business) "NLRB favors labor

  27. Homeowners Loan Act - govt. lends $ to homeowners at low interest rates to pay off mortgages - refinanced mortgages of middle-income home owners

  28. Federal Housing Administration • improve housing conditions • insure residential loans and financing • help first – time buyers • assist in “shoring-up” the mortgage market • ( aide the financial market)

  29. Farm Credit Administration • loans are made • available to farmers • so they can pay • off their loans • (extend length • of mortgages)

  30. Agricultural Adjustment Act • limit farm production • subsidies - derived from taxing other industries • (farm processors) • - DID IT WORK? (Hint: 1933 Then 1933 – 1937) • Butler v. U.S. • - no constitutional right to regulate farm production • - any such right belongs to the states

  31. Reform Legislation • Significant, long-term • FDIC • SEC • Banking Act of 1935 • TVA • Fair Labor Standards Act • Social Security Act

  32. Securities Exchange Commission • regulate the stock exchange • stock offerings cleared by the SEC

  33. Social Security Act • - unemployment insurance • old age pensions • - disabled, aged, dependent children

  34. Rural Electrification Administration - responsible for developing a program for generating and distributing electricity in isolated rural areas

  35. Tennessee Valley Authority • improve economic and social conditions • for people living in this region • 21 dams produce electricity • - dams used for hydroelectric power • created ....... - reservoirs for recreation, • flood control, prevent soil erosion, creation of jobs

  36. TVA

  37. Legacy of the New Deal • Changed federal government’s attitude and responsibility • Democratic Party became the majority party • “Big government”

  38. Chicago subway

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