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Energy and metabolism bcs.whfreeman/ lehninger (Ch 13)

Energy and metabolism http://bcs.whfreeman.com/ lehninger (Ch 13) http://bcs.whfreeman.com/ biochem5 (Ch14) http://www.genome.ad.jp/ kegg. S. 14.2. Reminder in Thermodynamics First Law (conservation of energy) Second Law (entropy of the Universe increases in spontaneous processes)

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Energy and metabolism bcs.whfreeman/ lehninger (Ch 13)

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  1. Energy andmetabolism http://bcs.whfreeman.com/lehninger (Ch 13) http://bcs.whfreeman.com/biochem5 (Ch14) http://www.genome.ad.jp/kegg S. 14.2.

  2. Reminder in Thermodynamics • First Law (conservation of energy) • Second Law (entropy of the Universe increases in spontaneous processes) • concepts of open, closed and isolated systems • sign conventions for energy changes • Free energy (G) (exergonic - endergonic) • Enthalpy (H) (exothermal - endothermal) • Entropy (S) • G = H - TS = - RT lnQ • See Living Graph 13-3

  3. Entropy 1. Teakettle 2. Glucose oxidation 3. Entropy (randomness) and information There is a tide in the affairs of men,Which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune;Omitted, all the voyage of their lifeIs bound in shallows and in miseries. (Brutus) - Shakespeare: Julius Caesar, Act 4, Scene 3

  4. ENERGY CONTENT(fuels, sunlight) WORKchemical synthesismechanical workosmotic and electricgradients transmission of genetic informationlight HEAT ENTROPY CHANGE increases in the surroundings:catabolic end products are smalldecreases in the cell :anabolic end products are largesophisticated molecules

  5. L. II-3. S. 14-12.

  6. Free energy in coupled reactions L. 1-26. See also “Energetic Coupling” among “Conceptual Insights” on Stryer website

  7. L. 13-8,12

  8. ATP hydrolysis and phosphorylation potential L. 13.2. See also Living Figure “Box 13-1” L. 13.1.

  9. L. 13-10,11

  10. L. T-13-6

  11. L. 13-9

  12. L. 13-3,4

  13. L. 13-5

  14. In situ study of energy metabolism:Monitoring of high-energy phosphorus metabolite levels in perfused rat hearts using 31P NMR spectroscopy CrP PCr -ATP -ATP -ATP Reperfusion in the presenceof cardioprotective agents Reperfusion Pi Ischaemia ATP ATP ATP Normoxia

  15. Effect of PARP inhibitors on the recovery of creatine phosphate during ischemia-reperfusion

  16. Effect of PARP inhibitors on the recovery of ATP during ischemia-reperfusion

  17. Effect of PARP inhibitors on the utilization of inorganic phosphate during ischemia-reperfusion

  18. L. 13-6,7

  19. Electron transfer as a form of energy transfer Electron affinity, oxidative/reductíve capacity electromotive forceE = E° +0.026V/n ln[ox]/[red] G = -nF E

  20. Deficiency: pellagra (dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death)

  21. Regulation of metabolic pathways • controlling the amounts of enzymes • controlling the catalytic activities of enzymes • controlling the accessibilityof substrates Role of energy content in regulation

  22. Online resources: http://bcs.whfreeman.com/lehninger (Ch13) http://bcs.whfreeman.com/biochem5 (Ch14) For online quizzing give: zoltan.berente@aok.pte.hu as instructor’s e-mail address

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