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Social Awareness

Carl os A. Sánchez 03/04/2008. Social Awareness. Agenda. CONCEPTS Historical Perspective  40,000 B.C. BABBLE - LOOPS (IBM Social Computing Lab) Knowledge Management Application Social Translucence AWARE (University of Aarhus – Denmark)

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Social Awareness

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  1. Carlos A. Sánchez 03/04/2008 Social Awareness

  2. Agenda • CONCEPTS • Historical Perspective  40,000 B.C. • BABBLE - LOOPS (IBM Social Computing Lab) • Knowledge Management Application • Social Translucence • AWARE (University of Aarhus – Denmark) • Context Mediated Social Awareness in Mobile Cooperation – Healthcare environment • Java Awareness Context Framework – JACF • iSOCIALIZE(University of Aalborg – Denmark) • Mobile Social Awareness amongst family and acquaintances • Awareness Cues

  3. Historical Perspective (I) What is the percent genetic difference between humans an chimpanzees? ~ 1.23% What is the percent critical difference? 0.01% to 0.02% Which one is arguably the most critical difference?

  4. Historical Perspective (II) LANGUAGE : ~40,000 B.C. • CONVERSATION Why is conversation important? Synchronous Knowledge Transfer in a Social Space What was missing?

  5. Historical Perspective (III) WRITING: ~ 4,000 B.C. - Cuneiform ~ 2,000 B.C. - Alphabetic Script • PERSISTENCE What did persistence bring? Asynchronous Knowledge Transfer What was missing?

  6. Historical Perspective (IV) Printing Press:Johan Gutenberg, 1439  Mass Dissemination of Knowledge  Standards : A book was the same everywhere  Who said what & when What did the printing press bring? Scientific Communities  Industrial Revolution What was missing?

  7. Historical Perspective (V) Linking computers ARPANET X.25 - October 29th, 1969 Internet TCP/IP - January 1st, 1983 Linking documents WWW First Web Page  August 6th ,1991 What did these added? Asynchronous and Synchronous Communications Decoupling of Space and Time Instantaneous Mass Coverage Multiple way Communications What was missing?

  8. Historical Perspective (VI) Linking people : Web 2.0 - 2004 Chat rooms, collaborative filtering, mash-ups, podcasting, social navigation, social search, virtual communities, sharing, blogs, wikis What did Web 2.0 bring? A Digital knowledge oriented environment where human social interactions create and share content using the web as a platform. What is missing? Can we do better?

  9. Concepts Review Conversation, Persistence, Synchronous and Asynchronous Communications, Place decoupling, mass dissemination, who said what/when, multi-way communications, knowledge communities, and linking computers, documents and people. What is used in IM systems? What is gained? What is lost?

  10. Babble & Loops Social Translucence

  11. Social Translucence - Properties Solid Door with “Please Open Slowly” Sign vs. Glass Door • Visibility of Social Information • Humans react faster to movement, faces and figures than printed signs • Awareness Support • I know you are in the other side. You know I’m here • We both know the social rules • Accountability • I know that you know that I know

  12. Social Translucence : Translucent vs. Transparent Power of Constraints: Private vs. Public Information

  13. Social Translucence :Opaque Digital Systems Digital Systems are generally opaque to social information • In the digital world we are socially blind i.e. Waiting in Line at USPS vs. Waiting on-line for the IM tech support at ebay What could be done? More on this coming

  14. Social Translucence - Babble Knowledge Management Systems Capture, Retrieval, Dissemination of and organization’s internal information Traditional View Data Mining, Text clustering, database documents Social View Production and use of knowledge is a social phenomena

  15. Social Translucence - Babble Social View of Knowledge Management • Who has worked on a project? • What have they done? Can we talk to them? • How have they used existing knowledge? • Social references for calls vs. database list • Information in databases is more useful if it provides links to enter social networks Knowledge database vs. Knowledge Communities

  16. Social Translucence - Babble • ConversationallyBased Knowledge Community • Conversation is essential : Natural medium to create, develop and validate knowledge • Conversation is a deep interactive intellectual process • Conversation is a fundamental social process • People speak to an audience • People portray themselves through conversation

  17. Social Translucence - Conversation Did I say that conversation is important?

  18. Social Translucence – Digital Conversation Digital Conversations PERSIST Therefore They can be synchronous or asynchronous With an intimate or vast audience Can be searched, browsed, replayed, annotated, visualized, restructured, etc.

  19. Social Translucence – Activity Support Approaches to make Social Activity Visible • Realisti.e. Teleconferencing • Problems: Scale, cost, social cues not well conveyed, bandwidth, support • Mimetic i.e.: Virtual Environments, Avatars • Problems: Scale, has to manipulate avatars to produce social cues, support • Abstract i.e.: Waiting on-line example next slide • Less is more: easy to understand, implement and maintain

  20. Social Translucence Abstract Social Proxies

  21. Social Translucence – BabbleKnowledge Management Community

  22. Social Translucence – LOOPSWeb Interface

  23. Social Translucence – LoopsBulletin Board

  24. Social Translucence - Babble Persistent textual representation of a conversation Everybody knows that conversations are persistent and shared in a sequential structure What are the challenges?

  25. Social Translucence - Babble Social Proxy of a Conversation

  26. Social Translucence - Babble Structure of a Knowledge Community

  27. Social Translucence - Babble Diachronic (Longitudinal) Proxies

  28. Supporting Context-Mediated social Awareness in Mobile Cooperation The AWARE Architecture

  29. AWARE Architecture • Context Aware Computing as facilitator of social awareness • CASE: Mobile Collaboration in a hospital environment • AWARE Architecture: Generic platform for supporting context mediated social awareness • JACT: Java Awareness Context Framework

  30. AWARE Architecture: Operational Issues • Hospital buildings are large. People move around (not co-located). • Nurses spend large amount of times keeping track of physicians location and availability. • Interns need to consult frequently with senior doctors about patients. • Doctors in operating room frequently have to wait for test results before advancing. Meanwhile they perform other activities Who to contact? When? How? Where?

  31. AWARE Architecture: Awareness in CSCW • Goal is to minimize unwanted interruptions through context-mediate social awareness • Interruptions • 90% of brief conversations are unplanned • Only 55% of people who are interrupted continue in the same activity • Blocking calls is not an option in a hospital • 60% of phone calls fail to reach recipient

  32. AWARE Architecture Context-Mediated Social Awareness • In working settings people avoid interrupting each other when proper mechanisms are in place • Monitoring: The actor’s activity provide information to be monitored i.e. operating in room 103 • Displaying: The actor selects what status information to be displayed i.e. at lunch.

  33. AWARE Architecture Awarephone requirements • Context-mediated social awareness via context cues. • Direct synchronous communications • Exchange of prioritized messages by placing virtual post-it notes on a co-worker.

  34. AWARE Architecture

  35. AWARE Architecture Test Results • Everybody liked the system • People don’t like to provide location information • Don’t want to provide the ability to be tracked i.e. length of the coffee breaks • Cell phone is preferred to pagers  provides the ability for immediate communication • Preset messages is a desirable option

  36. AWARE Architecture

  37. AWARE Architecture - JACF

  38. Investigating Awareness Cues for a Mobile Social Awareness Application iSocialize

  39. iSocialize Goals of the Study • Understand the nature of social awareness between acquainted and closely related people • How technology as well as traditional methods of communication support awareness

  40. iSocialize Challenges • Participating families found it difficult to maintain and overview of activities of family and friends • Participants found it difficult to determine appropriate times to call or interrupt • Participants expressed concerns about sharing all kinds of information about them

  41. iSocialize Social Awareness Cues • Activity: Actions and whereabouts of partner • Status: Communication state • Relation : Defines the social relation between partners • Vicinity: Distance to partner – How much effort contact requires

  42. iSocialize

  43. iSocialize

  44. iSocialize

  45. iSocialize

  46. iSocialize

  47. iSocialize Evaluation • 20 Subjects at Aalborg University - Denmark • Average age: 24 years old • Five pairs acquainted – Five pairs unacquainted • Video recorded sessions: two participants per session • Wizard of Oz evaluation

  48. iSocialize Findings: • Imprecise Awareness Cues: People don’t want to provide exact location • Awareness Cues Integration Challenges Privacy Concerns i.e. location vs. activity • Difficult to Maintain a mental model of contacts • Changes and updates of awareness cues • Awareness cues requires previous social construct

  49. That’s all FolksThank you!

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