BCCO PCT #4 PowerPoint

1. Intermediate CIT Course TCOLE Course # 3841 Texas Commission On Law Enforcement AND UNIT ONE BCCO PCT #4 PowerPoint BCCO PCT #4 PowerPoint

2. ADMINISTRATIVE • Please complete the BCCO PCT #4 Registration form and turn it in now. • Make sure you sign TCOLE Report of Training (PID#, Full Name and DOB). • All cell phones off please – pay attention to course materials and show common respect & courtesy.

3. Your Instructor – Course Facilitator and Mentor Trainer Deputy Chief George D. Little A.S. & B.S. Criminal Justice & Sociology B.S.CJ Wayland Baptist University, San Antonio M.S. Criminology & Counter-Terrorism University of the State of New York(P) 2012 T.C.O.L.E. Professional Achievement Award Certified Crime Prevention Specialist (C.C.P.S.) TCOLE Basic Instructor Certificate 1984 TCOLE Advanced Instructor 2012 TCOLE Master Peace Officer 1991 MP Special Operations Operator Counter-Terrorism 1988 Military Police Investigations (MPI) & Criminal Investigation Division (CID) Special Agent Graduate Drug Enforcement Administration Academy 1977 43- years Law Enforcement Experience 39-Years Teaching & Instructor Experience FAMS CERTIFIEDINSTRUCTOR

4. Learning Objectives See your Participant Handout for complete list of all goals established in this course with each individual learning objective listed under each unit (goal)

5. Opening Statement With increasing frequency, law enforcement is being called upon to respond to individuals in serious mental health crises

6. COURSE/LESSON OVERVIEW – Cont’d It is necessary for the law enforcement personnel to understand mental illness, and the tactics and techniques that have been proven to work most effectively when responding to individuals in these situations.

7. COURSE/LESSON OVERVIEW – Cont’d These tactics and techniques are different than those routinely taught to officers to control conflict which, due to the underlying elements behind the behavior, is usually not of a criminal or malicious intent.

8. COURSE/LESSON OVERVIEW – Cont’d This information can help keep the officer safe, keep the mental health consumer safe, and greatly reduce liability on the part of the officer and the agency

9. Intermediate CIT Course Number 3841 Texas Commission On Law Enforcement Crisis Intervention Training

10. Unit Goal 1.0 To develop a basic understanding and respect for the fundamental rights of and proficiency in interacting with people with mental illness.

11. Top Cop Video (View ‘Top Cop’ video from “Train the Trainer” course materials

12. 1.1. • Discuss the impetus for crisis intervention training and why it is so important to the law enforcement community.

13. Origin of the Training • Memphis (TN) officers shot and killed a 26-year-old male who was cutting himself with a knife and threatening suicide • The public outcry in the aftermath of the shooting caused the mayor to establish a task force

14. Origin of the Training • Crisis Intervention Training (CIT) was created -Practitioner Perspective -Bureau of Justice Assistance July 2012

15. Similar Situations Today • “The San Francisco Police Commission approved a $500,000 legal settlement with the family of a mentally disturbed man who was shot and killed in 2001 by police as he waved a knife at them in a theater.” — Jaxon Van Derbeken — San Francisco Chronicle June 5, 2003

16. New YORK PD – Detective who attempted to disarm a mentally challenged individual

17. Similar Situations TodayContinued • “The fatal shooting of a mentally ill man on Thursday marked the third time in six months that Philadelphia police have used deadly force to subdue an unruly person in need of psychiatric help.” “Police Shootings of Mentally Ill Show Training Needed” www.HealthyPlace.com February 21, 2004

18. Similar Situations TodayContinued • “The Miami-Dade police department in southern Florida began sending every officer to a two-day class entitled ‘Managing Encounters with the Mentally Ill’ … after officers killed a 19-year-old man suffering from bipolar disorder.” “Police Shootings of Mentally Ill Show Training Needed” • www.HealthyPlace.com • February 21, 2004

19. Similar Situations TodayContinued • “A 16-year Austin police officer used deadly force Tuesday morning, killing an east Austin woman as she apparently tried to attack a housing manager with a butcher knife. … within moments of the shooting, east Austin residents were questioning whether the woman’s death could have been avoided.” —www.news8austin.com — Incident occurred in 2002

20. Similar Situations TodayContinued • The treatment advocacy center in Washington, D.C. reported that people with psychiatric disabilities are four times as likely to die in encounterswith police as members of the general population. • Treatment Advocacy Center Washington DC

21. Headlines… “CrisisSkillsAdvised for Local Police” “Report: Grand jury finds that most fatal shootings by law enforcement officers in last decade involved a mentally ill person” • Los Angeles Times • Ventura County Edition • February 27, 2002

22. Headlines…”Cont’d” “Training urged after police shooting” “The weekend death of a mentally disabled man shot by a Miami-Dade police officer… department to offer its officers more intensive training.” • The Miami Herald • Herald.com • Posted Thursday, October 28, 2004

23. 1.2. Recognize the community mindset as it relates to the mentally ill’s relationship with law enforcement personnel

24. Community Mindset • Individuals with mental illness are traditionally not hardened criminalsand should not be treated as such. • Law enforcement should respond differently to individuals in mental health crises. • Force, in these situations, is highly scrutinized.

25. The Problem • Re-occurring situations in which law enforcement uses deadly force during encounters with individuals in serious mental health crisis

26. Aspects of the Problem • “There is no question that law enforcement officers are increasingly the ones responding to people with mental illnesses who are in crisis.” • Treatment Advocacy Center Briefing Paper • www.psychlaws.org • 10/2004

27. Results • Lawsuits/Liability • Lack of trust/confidencein law enforcementby mental health consumers and their families • Frustration of law enforcement due to uncertainty of how to handle these calls

28. Analysis of the Problem • Lack of education - understanding of mental illnessby law enforcement • Thesame physical, authoritative, command tactics employed to take a criminal suspect into custody are used in responses to individuals in mental health crises

29. Analysis…Cont’d • Individuals with mental illness are traditionally not hardened criminals. • The public views these individuals as ill, not criminal. The public expects law enforcement personnel to help not hurt.

30. Analysis…Cont’d • An analysis of 1439 CIT calls revealed that only 1% of the individuals in a mental health crisis were arrested. • Of the remaining 99% of the incidents, no crime or a petty class C crime was committed without arrest. Houston Police Department 2004

31. Analysis…Cont’d • Response to individuals in a mental health crisis constitutes a more refined usage of the officer’s expertise in communication.

32. Analysis…Cont’d • “If police perform their role effectively, our society benefits immeasurably; • if the police perform their role poorly, the damage to public confidence and democratic principles can be irreparable.” (Louis/Resendez, 1997)

33. The Responses: 3 Models CIT • Police-based specialized police response(CIT) • Police-based specialized mental health response • Mental-health-based specialized mental health response

34. 1.3 • Illustrate the paradox of CrisisIntervention Training for the law enforcement officer.

35. The Paradox • By taking a less physical, less authoritative, less controlling, less confrontational approach the officer usually has more authority and control over the person in a mental health crisis.

36. Police Magazine (March 2000) • “The essential difference between suspect encounter training, that officers traditionally receive, and how to approach the mentally ill is the need to be non-confrontational.

37. Police Magazine (March 2000) – Cont’d • Such a requirement to, in effect, switch gears is diametrically opposed to the way officers are routinely expected to control conflict.”

38. Police Magazine (March 2000) – Cont’d • “The same command techniques that are employed to take a criminal suspect into custody can only service to escalate a contact with the mentally ill into violence.”

39. 1.4. • Explain CrisisIntervention’s role in Officer Safety

40. CIT Model • “CIT has been shown to positively impact officer perceptions,decrease the need for higher levels of police intervention, decreaseofficer injuries, and re-direct those in crisis from the criminal justice to the health care system.” Randolph Dupont, PhD. and Sam Cochran, MS J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 28:338-44, 2000

41. This Training… • Is officer safety training that is proven to help keep YOU and the mentally ill consumer safe. • Is NOT in conflict with any tactical training you have received • Instills confidence in officers regarding their ability to handle crisis situations

42. This Training…Cont’d • Is proven to be effective in helping you verbally de-escalate these situations • Reduces lawsuits • Is designed for calls involving individuals with mental illness but is applicable in many other areas of law enforcement

43. This Training…Cont’d • Is one more tool to add to your tool belt, one moreskill to add to your repertoire of skills.

44. Officer Safety • The Phoenix, Arizona Police Department reported that CIT training increased their officer safety by 70% — Phoenix Police Department 2004

45. Officer Safety – Cont’d • FBI statistics state that mentally ill consumers are no more prone to violence than any other area of the population.

46. Officer Safety – Cont’d • HOWEVER, the variables (mental instability, high emotions, possible paranoia/delusions and substance abuse) can be very dangerous if not handled appropriately.

47. Officer Safety – Cont’d • When a person feels cornered, especially if psychotic, chances are high their response would be violent. • In crisis, reason takes a back seat to emotion.

48. Law Enforcement Policy Center • “It is helpful for officers to understand the symptomatic behavior of persons who are afflicted with a form of mental illness. In this way, officers are in a better position to formulate appropriate strategies for gaining the individual’s compliance.”

49. Law Enforcement Policy Center – Cont’d • “Officers should first take time, if possible, to survey the situation in order to gather necessary information and avoidhasty and potentially counterproductive decisions and actions.”

50. Law Enforcement Policy Center – Cont’d • “Officers should avoid approaching the subject until a degree of rapport has been developed.” • “All attempts should be used to communicate with the person first by allowing him to ventilate.”