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Chemical Equations & Reactions

Chemical Equations & Reactions. Chapter 8. Chemical Reaction. The process by which the atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances. Chemical Reaction. Another name for a chemical reaction is a chemical change. 5 Evidences of a Chemical Reaction.

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Chemical Equations & Reactions

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  1. Chemical Equations & Reactions Chapter 8

  2. Chemical Reaction The process by which the atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances

  3. Chemical Reaction Another name for a chemical reaction is a chemical change.

  4. 5 Evidences of a Chemical Reaction • Production of heat and/or light • Color Change • Odor • Gas Bubbles • Formation of a solid (precipitate)

  5. Chemical Reactions Chemist use equations to represent chemical reactions.

  6. Reactants • Starting substances • on left side of arrow • what you start with

  7. Products • Substances formed during the reaction • on right side of arrow • what you end with

  8. Chemical Reactions • During chemical reactions the reactants are used up as the products are formed – the equation shows the directions of progress

  9. Chemical Equations • Chemist use an arrow (→) in the equations instead of an equal sign like math • The arrow stands for “yields” • Or “reacts to produce”

  10. Chemical Equations • A plus sign (+) is used to separate 2 or more reactants or products

  11. Chemical Equations • Solid State : (s) • Liquid State : (l) • Gas State : (g) • Aqueous Solution : (aq)

  12. Word Equations • A word equation describes a chemical reaction in words rather than symbols

  13. Word Equations Iron (s) + chlorine (g) iron (III) chloride (s)

  14. Skeletal Equations Describes a chemical reaction with symbols rather than words

  15. Skeletal Equations Fe (s) + Cl2 (g)  FeCl3 (s)

  16. Law of Conservationof Mass Mass can neither be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction

  17. Skeletal Equations Skeletal equations lack the number of atoms of each reactant and product that must be presentin order to carry out the reaction

  18. Chemical Equations A statement that uses chemical formulas to show the identities and relative amounts of the substances involved in a chemical reaction

  19. Chemical Equations • Chemist use a Coefficient to balance chemical equations • Number written in front of a reactant or product • Always a whole number

  20. 6 Steps to Balance a Chemical Equation • Write the skeleton equation for the reaction • H2 (g) + Cl2 (g)  HCl (g)

  21. 6 Steps to Balance a Chemical Equation 2.Count the atoms of each element in the reactants • 2 H atoms + 2 Cl atoms

  22. 6 Steps to Balance a Chemical Equation 3.Count the atoms of each element in the products • 1 H atom + 1 Cl atom

  23. 6 Steps to Balance a Chemical Equation 4. Add coefficients to make the number of atoms of each element equal on both sides of the equation • H2 + Cl2 2HCl • NEVER change the subscript!!!

  24. 6 Steps to Balance a Chemical Equation 5.Reduce the coefficients to their lowest possible ratio • 1:1:2 • Chemical equation must be in most reduced form possible!

  25. 6 Steps to Balance a Chemical Equation 6. Check your work!

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