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Mobile internet application development from organisational point of view. Riikka Ahlgren Information Technology Research Institute University of Jyväskylä, Finland riikka.ahlgren@titu.jyu.fi. Outline. Overview Mobile value chain Business actors and their roles
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Mobile internet application development from organisational point of view Riikka Ahlgren Information Technology Research Institute University of Jyväskylä, Finland riikka.ahlgren@titu.jyu.fi
Outline • Overview • Mobile value chain • Business actors and their roles • Inter-organisational communication • Organisational compatibility • Barriers and inhibitors • Intra-organisational communication • Organisational memory • Design patterns as communication facilitator • References
Contents of the organisational view • Two levels of abstraction: personal and organisational
Mobile Value Chain (Chen 2002) • The value to be offered to customers is a sum of several activities in the value chain (Afuah&Tucci 2003).
Mobile business actors • Example: Java game application • The number of organisations in one step of the chain may vary heavily. • Communication channels exists between several parties. (Adapted from Kallio et al. 2004)
Inter-organisational communication • Communication is needed to make the flow of activities move smoothly and efficiently (e.g. Adler 1995) • Lateral and vertical communication (Bucklin & Sengupta 1993) • Goal is to gain synergy between organisations: 1+1 > 2 (Ratcheva & Vyakarnam 2001) • Education providers role (public and commercial) has not been widely studied • Public: providing vocabulary, concepts and frameworks • Commercial: gathering and distributing current knowledge, facilitating the knowledge distribution • Bringing experts together from various organisations
Inter-organisational communication (2) • Organisational compatibility(Anderson & Narus 1990) • shared interests and expectations • power balance • Organisations won’t communicate, people do(Anderson & Narus 1990) • To succeed, organisational support is needed: organisational cultures, management practices and attitudes • Previous contacts and communications create trust • virtual teams • Inhibitors and barriers of communication(e.g. Bucklin & Sengupta 1993) • business secrets, opportunism • needs time and effort: the right number of partners
Intraorganisational communication • Distribution of design information inside an organisation: between groups and between individuals • How to facilitate the communication between different areas of expertise? • How to re-use good solutions later on?
Communicating design information intraorganisationally • Using design patterns as a part of organisational memory (OM) • Captures existing knowledge in useful manner • In which parts of OM can design patterns be exploited? (acquisition, retention, maintenance, search and retrieval of information) • Use of experimental knowledge is a competitive advantage! • Using design patterns as a communication facilitator (Borchers 2000) • Transferring one’s own expertise to other people from different areas of expertise is difficult • Design patterns can offer a common language • Barriers: • Attitudes: ”Not invented here”, reluctance to share information • Tools, lack of methodology
References • Afuah A. & Tucci C.L. (2003) Internet Business Models and strategies. Text and Cases. Second Edition, McGraw- Hill. • Adler, P. (1995). Interdepartmental interdependence and coordination. Organization Science Vol. 6 No. 2.. • Anderson J. C & Narus J. A. (1990) A Model of Distributor Firm and Manufacturer Firm Working Partnerships. Journal of Marketing Vol. 54, January 1990. • Borchers J. O. (2000). A Pattern approach to interaction design. Proceedings of the conference on Designing interactive systems: processes, practices, methods, and techniques. ACM Press, New York, USA. • Bucklin L. P. & Sengupta S. (1993). Organizing successful co-marketing alliances. Journal of marketing Vol. 57, April 1993. • Chen G. (2002). Wireless Location based Services, Technologies, Applications and Management. [online, visited 13.9.2004] Available at: http://www.apnoms.org/2002/tutorial/Tutorial-GrahamChen.pdf • Herrmann T., Hoffmann M., Jahnke I., Kienle A., Kunau G., Loser K. & Menold N (2003) Knowledge management II: Concepts for usable patterns of groupware applications. Proceedings of the 2003 international ACM SIGGROUP conference on Supporting group work. • Kallio P. (2004) Emergence of Wireless Services. Business actors and their roles in networked component based development. VTT Publications 534, Espoo. • Ratcheva V. & Vyakarnam S. (2001). Exploring team formation processes in virtual partnerships. Integrated manufacturing systems 12/7 2001.