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Energy. Energy & Population Peak Oil Energy Use in Everyday Living Energy Efficiency & the Rebound Effect. Energy & Population. Energy & Population. Energy & Population. Energy & Population. Energy & Population. Energy & Population. Egypt. Egypt. Egypt. Egypt. Energy & Population.
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Energy • Energy & Population • Peak Oil • Energy Use in Everyday Living • Energy Efficiency & the Rebound Effect
Energy & Population • Energy & Population Summary • Access to energy is good for human well-being • Developing countries have a strong desire to increase the per capita energy consumption • Population will rise fast before peaking in developing countries • Developed countries show no indication of a reduction in per capita energy demand • The fundamentals for a large increase in global energy demand are very strong
Peak Oil Sugar loaf field = 40 billion barrels of oil Global oil consumption (daily) = 81,820,000 barrels Global oil consumption (yearly) = 29,864,300,000 barrels Global oil consumption (yearly) = 0.77 Sugar loaf field Sugar loaf field = 1.3 years global oil consumption (at 2008 rate) Water depth ~ 2.25km
Peak Oil • 11 people dead • 4.9 millions barrels of oil released • Water depth 1,500m • Oil flowed for 3 months • Largest ever accidental spill • ~$12 Billion in losses
Peak Oil • A new energy unit the “Saudi Arabia” enters the language • The CEO of Petrobras, Mr. Gabrielli states that the world needs oil volumes the equivalent of one Saudi Arabia every two years to offset future world oil decline rates. (December 2009) • "Even if growth in global demand was at zero for the next 22 years, in order to compensate the decline in the existing fields, we need to increase the production by around 45 million barrels per day (bpd), which is the equivalent to bringing four new Saudi Arabias to the markets," Fatih Birol, Chief Economist International Energy Agency (November 2008) • Saudia Arabia produced 10,846,000 barrels of oil per day in 2008
Peak Oil “I think my biggest fear is having another global war which might have been a result of sharing the primary commodities in the world.” “I would like to see a world which is much more fair than today. Less geopolitical tensions, and more importantly, using much more cleaner energy in a sustainable way. And that in that world we will have solved our climate change problem.” “oil prices are entering a dangerous zone for the global economy",Jan 6th 2011 Fatih Birol, Chief Economist International Energy Agency
Natural Gas • Hydraulic Fracturing • Appears to be very large reserves • Relatively clean and low emissions compared to other fossil fuels • Concern over the chemicals involved and pollution of ground water • Concern about the storage of the water after it returns to the surface • Concern over the amount of water required to scale up production
Peak Oil What is Energy Security?
Peak Oil The Petroleum Interval
Peak Oil • Peak Oil Summary • The time when the maximum production rate has been reached and roughly half of the oil is gone • It does not mean that oil is running out, rather it is entering the stage of scarcity pricing • Is caused by a combination of geological, physical, technical, human, political & financial reasons • Will only be truly visible in the rear-view mirror, not enough concrete data to pinpoint precisely, particularly surrounding the Middle East • Will be characterised by spikes in the price of oil, inducing economic downturn which will dampen the price. Cycle will then repeat.
Energy Use in Everyday Living • Numbers, not adjectives • Need to use meaningful numbers and facts that are not obfuscated by enormousness • Expresses the energy consumption of everyday activities in kWh/d www.withoutthehotair.com
Energy Use in Everyday Living Energy per day = distance travelled per day x energy per unit of fuel distance per unit of fuel Distance per day = 50km Distance per unit fuel = 12km/litre Energy per unit of fuel = 10kWh/litre
