Master ASL Unit 4

1. Master ASL Unit 4 Family and Friends

2. Objectives • To recognize and use gender distinction in ASL • To understand and use contrastive structure • To gain exposure to Deaf art • To sign about family, friends, and relationships • To use pronoun signs appropriately

3. Time to draw what you see… • Put your name on your paper. • Partner up and practice drawing the images signed by your partner. • When finished compart images and make corrections with a red pen. • Staple together and turn in.

4. CAMP PLAY SOMETIMES BIG, LARGE FAMILY LIKE, SAME AS MEDIUM ONLY SMALL Vocabulary—NO VOICE

5. Dialogue… • A: What’s your family like? • YOUR FAMILY SAME-AS WHAT? • B: My family is small. • _oo_ • MY FAMILY SMALL. • A: Oh, I see. My family isn’t too big. Do you have brothers and sisters? • __mm__ • OH-I-SEE. MY FAMILY MEDIUM. YOU HAVE BROTHER SISTER YOU? • B: No, I don’t have any. It’s a small family. • neg neg __oo__ • NO, NONE. SMALL FAMILY.

6. Numbers Review… • You should know numbers 1-30. Practice them now. • Practice 31-99 • Practice special numbers: • 21, 23, 25 • 67, 68, 69 • 76, 78, 79 • 86, 87, 89 • 96, 97, 98

7. NumbersNotes • Sign these numbers as they are spoken in English • For 100s sign the number + C • For 1,000s sign the number + palm tap 1 time • For every comma after use the palm tap • 1,000,000 • 1,000,000,000

8. Vocabulary—NO VOICE • ALL, EVERYBODY • CHILD • CHILDREN • TO HAVE • PARENTS • PEOPLE

9. AUNT BABY BROTHER COUSIN FATHER GRANDFATHER GRANDMOTHER MOTHER RELATIVES SISTER STEP- TOTAL, TO ADD UP TWINS UNCLE Vocabulary—NO VOICE

10. Practice…--NO VOICE • Yes, my mother is Deaf. • No, there are no Deaf people in my family. • Yeah, I have a Deaf cousin. • Yes, my brother is Deaf. • Yes, my Aunt Claire is Deaf. • Nobody’s Deaf in my family, but my grandfather is hard-of-hearing. • Yes, my sister and brother are Deaf. • All my family is Deaf.

11. Practice… • SISTER DEAF BORN HAWAII. • COUSIN HEARING FROM CANADA. • PARENTS HARD-OF-HEARING WORK RESTAURANT. • BROTHER WANT WORK FLORIDA. • FRIEND LIKE STUDY SIGN LANGUAGE.

12. Vocabulary—NO VOICE • DEAD, MISSING (2 signs) • DIVORCE • MARRY • OLDER, TALL, ADULT • YOUNGER, SHORT

13. Practice… • My stepbrother’s name is Bob. • Yesterday, their grandfather died. • Our older cousin lives in Arizona. • My Uncle Sam is not Deaf. • I don’t want to get married. • I have twin brothers. • My younger sister is named Tammy. • Their aunt is sick. • My older sister is named Sandy. • Are they happy or sad?

14. Gender Distinction in ASLNotes When you say “my cousin” in English, how do you distinguish between a female or male cousin? English does not have a way to convey the concept of a female cousin in a single word, unlike most languages. ASL distinguishes gender aspects of signs by locating a sign in either the masculine (temple/forehead) or feminine (chin/jaw) areas of the face. Depending where you place the sign cousin, it means female cousin or male cousin. What other signs do you know with gender distinction?

15. BOY COUSIN female COUSIN male DAUGHTER GIRL MAN NEPHEW NIECE SON WOMAN Practice—NO VOICE

16. Practice… • My cousin Joseph lives in Florida. • Her niece was born yesterday. • My sister married a man who has two daughters. • Our daughter is named Carrie. • I have a cousin named Tara. • My aunt and uncle are divorced. • My nephew lives in Ohio with my sister. • My ASL teacher is a woman. • Our daughter’s name is Rebekah.

17. CODANotes Approximately 10% of deaf people have deaf children, which mean 90% of deaf parents have hearing children. A hearing child of Deaf adults is known by the fingerspelled word “coda.” Though codas are hearing, the are an important part of the deaf community and culture. Often, a coda’s first language is ASL. Contrary to popular belief, hearing children of deaf parents rarely encounter problems learning how to speak. It can be said of codas that they have the best of both worlds! Many codas cherish ASL and the Deaf Community and are proud to have this unique background.

18. Practice… • A: What’s your family like? • B: I have two brothers and two sisters. • A: Oh, okay. Do they live nearby? • B: My brothers are in California, and my sisters are in South Dakota. Using listing gloss 4 brief sentences about your family. Use a full sheet of paper.

19. NO VOICE! • Use listing to gloss 4 brief sentences about your family. • Sign the information about your family to three different signers. Translate their information on your paper. • When you finish you should have your original glossing and three translations. • Turn in when finished.

20. MY FAMILY ALL-TOGETHER 4. IX-index __t__ HUSBAND fs-BILL COFFEE LOVE-IT. IX- _t_ middle ME READ ENJOY. IX-ring DAUGHTER ______t______ fs-MIRANDA WRITING BOOKS LIKE. IX-pinky __t__ SON fs-JACK ACTING LOVE-IT.

21. Shoulder-ShiftingGrammar Notes • Shoulder-Shifting is a feature unique to American Sign Language. Related to the concept of deixis in which the index finger points to a person or object which may or may not be visible, shoulder-shifting is a way to distinguish several pieces of information in a signed sentence by slightly moving your head and shoulders in a different direction for each detail. The illustration shown here demonstrates Shoulder-Shifting for three different pieces of information. • Shoulder-Shifting is used for: • Contrasting: Multiple topics or pieces of information in the same sentence • Comparing: What more than one person says or does • Separating: More than one idea or concept in the same sentence

22. I have a family: SONG TIME

23. Accent Step • Don’t switch your dominant and non-dominant hands when using the Should-Shift. Simply orient your shoulders in a different direction and continue signing.

24. Introduction to Deaf Dance • Video on Gallaudet University’s Dance Company. • Have two questions ready to ask…

25. Eyes on ASL #8--DVD • Use Shoulder-Shifting when signing about more than one person or object. • Eye gaze and shoulder-shifting is used more often than the separate sign for “AND”

26. Practice… • They are 1 man and 2 women. • I have 2 cousins, Sam and Laura. • I need hot and cold water. • I have one brother and two sisters. • His grandmother is dead and his grandfather is alive. • My uncle is watching TV and my aunt is sleeping. • She has 1 dog, 2 cats and 2 older sisters. • My parents are divorced. My father lives in New York and my mother lives in California.

27. Compound SignsNotes • Many words in ASL are compound signs, which are two separate signs combined to make an additional meaning. Combining the signs for MOTHER and FATHER creates PARENTS, and SUN plus SHINE means to be SUNNY. When using compounds, sign each portion quickly and smoothly in one motion.

28. Vocabulary—NO VOICE • BIRD • CAT • DOG • FISH

29. Deaf Culture: Deaf Family Dynamics When an ASL student begins to socialize with deaf people one certain question is always asked. Why are you interested in learning ASL? It is a sincere question deeply rooted in the shared experience of being deaf in hearing world. Historically, very few hearing people learned American Sign Language aside from codas and those who worked closely with deaf people, such as the clergy. Unfortunately, very few families who don’t know ASL rely on a few signs and improvised gestures called home signs. Even today many deaf children have parents who don’t sign, or live in a family where a mother and a sibling – usually a sister – can sign.

30. Because of this background where most hearing people did not want to learn ASL, a sincere question is Why did you? Asking this is a way for deaf people to get to know you and your background, to learn whether you have a deaf friend or relative, and your motivation to learn ASL. Is it for work reasons, for socialization reasons, or for fun? Deaf people are genuinely pleased to see more hearing people learning American Sign Language for many reasons, especially for mutual communication and understanding. Now that ASL is becoming widely respected and studied, more parents are learning ASL for the sake of their deaf children, a welcome sight in the Deaf Community.

31. Age SpotGrammar Notes • Eyes on ASL #9--DVD • All age signs originate at the Age-Spot and face outward. • Using separate signs for 10, year, and old is sloppy and incorrect. • Ages 1-9 index finger down from chin into number • Ages 10+ OLD sign pulls down into number • Ages 13, 14, and 15 use the number handshape at the chin and pull down before moving.

32. Practice… • A: How old are you? How old are your cousins? • B: I’m 15 years old, and my cousins are 4 and 5.

33. 3 years old 35 years old 20 years old 8 years old 15 years old 55 years old 13 years old 40 years old 29 years old 7 years old 23 years old 17 years old 11 years old 67 years old 9 years old 42 years old 60 years old 5 years old How old are youNO VOICE

34. Practice… • Chad is 2 years old. • Tonya is 33 years old. • He is 48 years old. • My mom is 42 years old. • Kendra is 16 years old. • She’s 13 years old. • He is not 1 year old yet. • Tera is 29 years old.

35. Vocabulary—NO VOICE • TEENAGER • TO BE YOUNG

36. The Listing and Ordering TechniqueGrammar Notes Making a visual list of information such as names or ages is called the Listing & Ordering technique. This technique is used most often when providing several details about one or more person or thing. The non-dominant hand forms a list with each new bit of information signed by the dominant hand.

37. 6 and 10 21 and 12 7 and 9 14 and 16 30 and 15 16 and 20 8 and 32 17 and 25 42 and 13 3, 6 and 9 13, 14 and 15 22, 26 and 28 19, 15 and 11 4, 8, 12 and 16 20, 5 and 8 33, 15, 3 and 4 45, 50, 18 and 8 37, 57 and 77 Shifting and Listing—which do I use?

38. BUT COLLEGE TO GET SOMETHING GRADUATE HIGH SCHOOL LICENSE PASS DOWN, DESCENDENTS SHOULD (eyebrows up) VOTE Vocabulary—NO VOICE

39. Build-a-Family • See assignment sheet…

40. Deaf Culture Minute • All languages, including signed languages, change over time. You can see an example of this by comparing the two signs for telephone in Kris’ family portrait. Think about the sign drive: What kind of signs can you think of that might have been used when people rode in a Model T? What about when riding in a carriage?

41. BEST FRIEND BOYFRIEND GET TOGETHER GIRLFRIEND GO OUT, LEAVE GOOD FRIEND SINCE, FOR SINGLE SWEETHEART, HONEY Vocabulary—NO VOICE

42. Practice… • She is my best friend. Her name is Andrea. • Do you want to get together tonight? • I’ve known him for four years. • I met my sweetheart at work. • He wants to go out with her, but she can’t. • On Saturday we are going to the beach. • We’ve been buddies since we were 7 years old.

43. More Practice… • Do you have a boyfriend? • What is your best friend’s name? • How long have you known your best friend? • Do you like to get together with friends? • Who do you want to go out with? The sign HAVE indicates the literal possession of something so you don’t need to include HAVE when signing “How long have you…”

44. Friends and Relationships • A: Hey, how’s it going? • B: Hi, how are you? This is my buddy Marc. We’ve been close since we were kids. • A: Oh, I see. Nice to meet you. Are you visiting? • C: Yeah, I live in Los Angeles.

45. Friendship Patterns of the Deaf Notes • Having any life-long friendships is a common experience for people who belong to small, tight-knit communities. Long-lasting friendships between Deaf people often begin at schools for the Deaf and continue through college, marriage, and old age. E-mail, video phones, and class reunions are just a few ways deaf individuals can stay in contact with each other. Newcomers to an area are quickly welcomed to form close friendships as well, especially if the individual actively participates in Deaf Community events. Historically, these deep bonds were formed by the share experience of being deaf in a predominately hearing world. Hearing people are welcome in a Deaf Community as long as the language and culture of the Deaf are respected, and hearing individuals who sign fluently can easily form friendships with deaf individuals. • How does this differ from your own experience? What benefits do you think the Deaf Community gains from being close-knit? Any drawbacks?

46. Deaf Art and Artists • Chuck Baird samples

47. Accent Step • The sign SINCE also means “for,” but only when singing about a period of time: “I’ve known him for five years” uses SINCE, but not “Tell her for me.” SINCE is considered a WH-Sign, meaning that depending on the context, it may need to be used with Topic/Comment Structure.

48. ARGUE DATE FALL IN LOVE FLIRT GET ALONG LOVE RELATIONSHIP TOGETHER Vocabulary—NO VOICE

49. Practice… • Tim fell in love with Amanda but they’re not dating. • I have a date on Saturday. Do you? • No, I think they broke up. • My older brother loves to flirt. • I get along with my parents. • She argued with her best friend. Now, they don’t get along. • Should I date her? • I love my sweetheart! • Do you want to go out with us? • They’ve been together for 3 years.

50. NMS Practice… • To argue (a lot) • To fall in love (repeatedly) • To break up (pleased) • To be together (a very long time) • To flirt (too strongly) • To go out (often) • To be single (happily) • To be single (unhappily) • To argue (a big argument) • To get along with (not by choice)