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By: Dani Bell, Lauren Grigsby, Taylor Hahn, and Adam Hesseltine

THE INFLUENCE OF FASHION MAGAZINES ON THE BODY IMAGE SATISFACTION OF COLLEGE WOMEN: An Exploratory Analysis. By: Dani Bell, Lauren Grigsby, Taylor Hahn, and Adam Hesseltine. Video Clips. Evolution. Onslaught. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYhCn0jf46U.

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By: Dani Bell, Lauren Grigsby, Taylor Hahn, and Adam Hesseltine

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  1. THE INFLUENCE OF FASHION MAGAZINES ON THE BODY IMAGE SATISFACTION OF COLLEGE WOMEN: An Exploratory Analysis By: Dani Bell, Lauren Grigsby, Taylor Hahn, and Adam Hesseltine

  2. Video Clips Evolution Onslaught http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYhCn0jf46U http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JaH4y6ZjSfE Turner, S., Hamilton, H., Jacobs, M., Angood, L., &Dwyer, D. (1997). The Influence of Fashion Magazines on the Body Image Satisfaction of College Women: An Exploratory Analysis. Adolescence, 32(127), 603-612.

  3. Some Background • Ideal body size changing • 1940s, ectomorphic (thin) body types perceived negatively • 1980s, ectomorphic seen as most sexually appealing • Miss America contestants and Playboy models body sizes continually decreased • Crucial area of investigation because related to low self-esteem and depression • Portrayal of thin body ideal pressures girls to be dissatisfied with their own bodies Turner, S., Hamilton, H., Jacobs, M., Angood, L., &Dwyer, D. (1997). The Influence of Fashion Magazines on the Body Image Satisfaction of College Women: An Exploratory Analysis. Adolescence, 32(127), 603-612.

  4. The Method • Experimental • 49 college female participants randomly assigned • Two conditions: fashion magazine group, news magazine group • Materials • Four fashion magazines, four news magazines • Questionnaire administered following magazine browsing • 9 female body types provided, select most desired • 31 items assessing dieting attitudes and perceptions of body Turner, S., Hamilton, H., Jacobs, M., Angood, L., &Dwyer, D. (1997). The Influence of Fashion Magazines on the Body Image Satisfaction of College Women: An Exploratory Analysis. Adolescence, 32(127), 603-612.

  5. The Procedure • Girls participate in 30 minute interview assessing body image dissatisfaction • Wait in room with either only fashion magazines provided or news magazines • Taken to large classroom for questionnaire • 10 girls who indicated they did not read a magazine were not included in analyses Turner, S., Hamilton, H., Jacobs, M., Angood, L., &Dwyer, D. (1997). The Influence of Fashion Magazines on the Body Image Satisfaction of College Women: An Exploratory Analysis. Adolescence, 32(127), 603-612.

  6. Statistical Analysis • DV: Women’s body image satisfaction • IV: Magazine type • Hypothesis: Women who viewed fashion magazine prior to questionnaire would report lower body satisfaction, preferred smaller body type, greater preoccupation with dieting Turner, S., Hamilton, H., Jacobs, M., Angood, L., &Dwyer, D. (1997). The Influence of Fashion Magazines on the Body Image Satisfaction of College Women: An Exploratory Analysis. Adolescence, 32(127), 603-612.

  7. Results • T-test revealed no sig. differences in ideal body type opinions for two groups • T-test revealed sig. differences in ideal weight for two groups • Women who viewed magazines reported more frustration with their weight • Reported less satisfied with the shape of their bodies • Reported more guilt while eating, after eating, weighing themselves several times a week, afraid of getting fat Turner, S., Hamilton, H., Jacobs, M., Angood, L., &Dwyer, D. (1997). The Influence of Fashion Magazines on the Body Image Satisfaction of College Women: An Exploratory Analysis. Adolescence, 32(127), 603-612.

  8. Results (cont’d) (Adapted from Turner, 1997, p. 609) Turner, S., Hamilton, H., Jacobs, M., Angood, L., &Dwyer, D. (1997). The Influence of Fashion Magazines on the Body Image Satisfaction of College Women: An Exploratory Analysis. Adolescence, 32(127), 603-612.

  9. Discussion • Demonstrate media’s role in shaping perceptions of society • Results consistent with previous findings • Extend previous findings by showing that preoccupation with thinness is heightened by fashion magazines • Using actual magazines made setting more like real world • Perception of being overweight leads to greater body image dissatisfaction Turner, S., Hamilton, H., Jacobs, M., Angood, L., &Dwyer, D. (1997). The Influence of Fashion Magazines on the Body Image Satisfaction of College Women: An Exploratory Analysis. Adolescence, 32(127), 603-612.

  10. Critical Review: Interesting Points • Although the sample size was small, the results they found were interesting • Particularly the significant difference in the ideal weight recorded for those who saw the fashion magazines versus those in the control condition • The findings on race in relation to body image and satisfaction discussed in the discussion section • African-Americans reported a much higher rate of body satisfaction than Caucasian, Hispanic, or Asian women. • Hispanic women reported lower rates of satisfaction as compared to Caucasian women. • The difference between ideal body type from the 1940s to the 1980s and today. • In the 1940s an individual with an “ectomorphic” or slender body type was seen negatively as being nervous, submissive and socially withdrawn. • In the 1980s, however the ectomorphic body type was seen as more desirable and sexually appealing. Turner, S., Hamilton, H., Jacobs, M., Angood, L., &Dwyer, D. (1997). The Influence of Fashion Magazines on the Body Image Satisfaction of College Women: An Exploratory Analysis. Adolescence, 32(127), 603-612.

  11. Critical Review: Weak Points • Sample very small and predominantly white • Are effects heightened by being asked to evaluate body • Evaluate whether there are any long-term results Turner, S., Hamilton, H., Jacobs, M., Angood, L., &Dwyer, D. (1997). The Influence of Fashion Magazines on the Body Image Satisfaction of College Women: An Exploratory Analysis. Adolescence, 32(127), 603-612.

  12. True/False • The women who read the fashion magazines and the women who read the newspapers reported the same ideal weight. • The results of this study were consistent with research from previous studies • There were significant differences in ideal weight for two conditions Turner, S., Hamilton, H., Jacobs, M., Angood, L., &Dwyer, D. (1997). The Influence of Fashion Magazines on the Body Image Satisfaction of College Women: An Exploratory Analysis. Adolescence, 32(127), 603-612.

  13. Test Questions: Multiple Choice • An ectomorphic body type is a(n) • A) overweight body • B) medium-sized body • C) thin body • Which of the following is TRUE about the study: • A) the women in the two conditions differed significantly prior to the study • B) viewing the fashion magazines led to lower levels of body satisfaction • C) ideal height differed significantly between the two groups • The average weight of Miss America contestants and Playboy Model has ___________ over time • A) increased • B) decreased • C) stayed the same Turner, S., Hamilton, H., Jacobs, M., Angood, L., &Dwyer, D. (1997). The Influence of Fashion Magazines on the Body Image Satisfaction of College Women: An Exploratory Analysis. Adolescence, 32(127), 603-612.

  14. Answers: • True/False • False • True • True • Multiple Choice • C • B • B Turner, S., Hamilton, H., Jacobs, M., Angood, L., &Dwyer, D. (1997). The Influence of Fashion Magazines on the Body Image Satisfaction of College Women: An Exploratory Analysis. Adolescence, 32(127), 603-612.

  15. Reference • Turner, S., Hamilton, H., Jacobs, M., Angood, L., &Dwyer, D. (1997). The Influence of Fashion Magazines on the Body Image Satisfaction of College Women: An Exploratory Analysis. Adolescence, 32(127), 603-612 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYhCn0jf46U • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JaH4y6ZjSfE

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