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Basic Seismic Processing

GEOM. VEL ANAL. Basic Seismic Processing. INPUT. FILTER. CMP Gather. NMO. MUTE. STATICS. STACK. MIGRATE. DISPLAY. More Seismic Processing. NMO. FK FILTER. GAIN RCVR. GEOM. INPUT. DECON. MUTE. EDIT. COHERENCY ENHANCE. BP FILTER. CMP Gather. DEMUX. STATICS. MIGRATE.

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Basic Seismic Processing

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  1. GEOM VEL ANAL Basic Seismic Processing INPUT FILTER CMP Gather NMO MUTE STATICS STACK MIGRATE DISPLAY

  2. More Seismic Processing NMO FK FILTER GAIN RCVR GEOM INPUT DECON MUTE EDIT COHERENCY ENHANCE BP FILTER CMP Gather DEMUX STATICS MIGRATE FK FILTER DMO/ MIGRATE TIME TO DEPTH VIB CORR DECON VEL ANAL STACK COHERENCY ENHANCE DISPLAY SAVE

  3. IN OUT Pre-Processing DEMULTIPLEXING Issues: Demultiplex skew Yilmaz, 2001 VIBROSEIS CORRELATION Pt Issues: DeSpike B4 Corr Filtered Pilot Raw St Pt X Raw St = Corr St * = Pt Raw S-t

  4. Vibroseis Correlation Yilmaz, 2001

  5. Gain Recovery • Options: • Automatic Gain Control (AGC) • Gain info lost • Spherical Divergence (Need Vt) • Exponential Gain Correction • Programmed Gain Control (PGC) • Trace to Trace Gain Balance • Amplitude Statics Yilmaz, 2001

  6. Gain Recovery Original with Spherical Gain Correction Yilmaz, 2001

  7. Gain Recovery: AGC = window length AGC shadow Yilmaz, 2001

  8. Editing

  9. Band Pass Filter Output Filter Input st rt * = s’t t t Time domain S’f Sf X Rf = f f f Frequency domain

  10. Bandwidth/Filter Length 35/5 50/25 Filter length Bandwidth = f2/f1

  11. Filter Shape

  12. Band Pass Filter: Resolution model model Increasing frequency Increasing Bandwidth

  13. Bandpass Filter Test TVF = Time Varying Filter

  14. FK (2D) Filtering x t f k

  15. FK Filtering

  16. Spatial Aliasing

  17. FK Filtering

  18. FK Filtering FK Spectra before B4 After after

  19. Convolutional Model * W t=

  20. Deconvolution conv decon Poor decon

  21. Deconvolution

  22. Deconvolution Before Decon After Decon

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