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Particle Physics in Austria RECFA Meeting, Vienna, March 11, 2011 C.W. Fabjan ÖAW und TU Wien

Particle Physics in Austria RECFA Meeting, Vienna, March 11, 2011 C.W. Fabjan ÖAW und TU Wien. Topics. Research Areas and Groups Particle and Nuclear Physics: strength and organization Research areas and groups Experimental particle physics Precision experiments Astroparticle physics

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Particle Physics in Austria RECFA Meeting, Vienna, March 11, 2011 C.W. Fabjan ÖAW und TU Wien

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  1. Particle Physics in Austria RECFA Meeting, Vienna, March 11, 2011 C.W. Fabjan ÖAW und TU Wien

  2. Topics • Research Areas and Groups • Particle and Nuclear Physics: strength and organization • Research areas and groups • Experimental particle physics • Precision experiments • Astroparticle physics • Theoretical particle physics • Particle Physics at HEPHY and SMI • Future of Austrian Experimental Particle Physics • International Collaborations • Milestones achieved since last RECFA visit in 2004 • Conclusion: critical issues to be tackled

  3. BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT AUSTRIA Population:8.3 million GDP per capita:37 858 US$ (OECD average 33 732 US$) * Total expenditure for R&D in % of GDP:2.66% * Source: http://stats.oecd.org * comparable to Germany Vienna Innsbruck Graz

  4. Nuclear, Particle and Astroparticle Physics • Membership within the Austrian Physical Society (total: 1142) • Nuclear and Particle Physics : 22 % • Solid state and material sciences: 21 % • Quantum physics and technology : 20 % • Experimental activities cover three distinct areas in three rather distinct organisational units 1) Particle physics at Accelerators: two Institutes of the Austrian Academy of Sciences • Institute of High Energy Physics (HEPHY) • Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics (SMI) • U of Innsbruck (until 2012) 2) Precision Experiments at ultra low energies: Institute of Atomic and Subatomic Physics ( ATI) of the Vienna Univ. of Technology (VUT) ; program at SMI 3) Astroparticle physics: University of Innsbruck • Experimental Nuclear Physics with n-TOF: ATI • Theoretical Particle Physics/ Phenomenology: • HEPHY; ATI, Inst. of Theoretical Physics of VUT; U. of Vienna; U. of Graz; U. of Innsbruck

  5. Experimental Particle Physics Physicists(FTE) Experiment Group Main Contributions Physics Emphasis Accelerator-based Particle Physics CERN Algorithms for Detectorsimulation; GRID 6 U.Innsbruck ATLAS Jet physics; B-physics BSM(SUSY; model-independentsearches) QCD (Quarkonia) Si-Tracker,Trigger System CMS HEPHY 28 cross sections for astrophysics / nuclear technology/data evaluation Neutron/ charged particle detectors 3 n-TOF VUT (ATI) KEK CKM Matrix , co-leadership forCKM Analysis Group 5 BELLE HEPHY Si-Tracker Readout Complete responsibility forSi Vertex Detector (SVD) 7 BELLE II HEPHY BSM (e.g. B →τν)

  6. Experimental Particle Physics Physicists(FTE) Experiment Group Main Contributions Physics Emphasis J - PARC Antikaon-nucleus interactions 1,6 X-Ray Detectors, GEM J – PARC SMI - Hadrons DAFNE SIDDHARTA -AMADEUS Cryogenic Target;X-Ray Detectors, GEM - TPC Antikaon-nucleus interactions SMI - Hadrons 5,4 GSI Antikaon-nucleus interactions Strangeness in medium 1,3 SMI - Hadrons FOPI - DISTO LH2 – target, GEM - TPC FAIR Gas Jet target;Cherenkov; GEM - tracker Hadron spectroscopy Hadrons in medium PANDA SMI - Hadrons 6,8 VERA (Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator) Nuclear Astrophysics, reaction relevant for fission and fusion reactors; primordeal element synthesis AcceleratorMass Spectroscopy Isotope ResearchU.of Vienna 3 MeV Tandem Accelerator 18

  7. Experimental Particle Physics Physicists(FTE) Experiment Group Main Contributions Physics Emphasis Precision Experiments at ultralow energies CERN Microwave equipment;supercond. 6-pole Hyperfine structure of antihydrogen; Test of CPT ASACUSA 5,4 SMI-ASACUSA LNGS 0,3 Test of Pauli Principle VIP Setup; detectors SMI ILL Grenoble ILL/ FRM II Precision measurements ofneutron decay; BSM searches 7,5 Superc. spectrometer VUT (ATI) PERC Test of Newtonian Gravity;higher dimensions qBounce VUT (ATI) 2,9 Neutron resonance spect. NEUTRAL (charge of Neutron) Charge quantization 1,2 VUT (ATI) Neutron resonance spect. Test of fundamental symmetries S18 Neutron interferometer VUT (ATI) 8,4 VUT (ATI) Precision determination of stability of QED VUT (ATI) Thorium Clock R&D of ultrastable nuclear clock

  8. Experimental Particle Physics Physicists(FTE) Experiment Group Main Contributions Physics Emphasis DETECTOR R&D Si-Tracker with Trigger-capability; New Trigger technology CMS@SLHC Si-Tracker; Trigger HEPHY 5 Low-mass Si-Tracker optimisation of Forward Tracking ILD/AIDA 0,8 Si-Tracker; Forward Tracking HEPHY Detector R&D forParticle Physics SMI Personnel included in SMI Projects ACCELERATOR R&D 35 Design, procurement of accelerator components; project management medAUSTRON medAUSTRON RECENTLY TERMINATED EXPERIMENTS ALEPH (Innsbruck); DELPHI, NA48 (HEPHY); Pionic Atoms (SMI); n-TOF (Phase1, VUT(ATI))

  9. Experimental Astroparticle Physics Physicists(FTE*) Experiment Group Main Contributions Physics Emphasis FERMI LAT U.Innsbruck 3 physics of cosmic accelerators H.E.S.S. U.Innsbruck 4 infrastructure share CR-induced VHE gamma-rays CTA U.Innsbruck 1 WP lead: CR related physics in Extragalactic systems Theoretical Astroparticle Physics Physicists(FTE*) Group Principal Areas of Research U.Innsbruck 2 HE astrophysics; photohadronic interactions; spin structure of proton * FTE since 2009

  10. Theoretical Particle Physics Physicists(FTE) Group Principal Areas of Research Lattice QCD, non-perturbative QCD, thermal QCD, perturbative QCD, hadronic bound states U. of Graz (26) hadronic bound states; proton spin and properties (1) U. of Innsbruck U. of Vienna Collider and jet physics, precision and perturbative QCD, low energy hadron dynamics (chiralpT), SUSY phenomenology (LHC and ILC), neutrino physics, quantum entanglement (17) (particle physics) U. of Vienna (12) Gravity, non-commutative quantum field theories, matrix models (math. physics) Vienna U. of Technology(Inst. f. Theoretical Physics) QCD at extreme conditions, string theory, quantum gravity, SUSY, non-commutative field theory, AdS/CFT correspondence (27) Vienna U. of Technology (ATI) theory of nuclear reactions;hadronic bound states (8) SUSY phenomenology (LHC and ILC); perturbative QCDQCD (confinement, bound states) (6) HEPHY

  11. Experimental Particle Physics at HEPHY HEPHY has two primary lines of research Particle Physics at the leading Accelerator laboratories Experimental Methods Small Theory group HEPHY aims to have at least two major Activities in parallel, with a phase delay: One effort under construction (Belle II) One effort in physics research phase (CMS)

  12. Experimental Particle Physics at HEPHY and SMI • All of accelerator-based experimental particle physics in Austria is carried out by these two Institutes of the Austrian Academy of Science. A small group at Univ. of Innsbruck contributes to Atlas (until 2012) • Total personnel at HEPHY (incl students, technicians, Admin; 3rd party-funded): 68 • Total personnel at SMI (incl students, technicians, Admin, 3rd party funded): 25 • University lecturing: • Nine HEPHY and SMI staff are authorized (‘Habilitation’) to lecture at the U of Vienna and VUT; to supervise Masters and Ph.D. Thesis • Strong involvement in lecturing, laboratory sessions, thesis supervision • Other staff also participates in lecturing, laboratory sessions

  13. HEPHY and SMI: Material budget • Materials Budgets (and Personnel budgets) supported by • Academy • Ministry of Science and Research (BMWF) • Austrian Science Foundation (FWF) • EU, other sources • Major cuts of Academy budget (shift of budget priority to Life Sciences) with very negative impact on research (e.g.: run Tier-2 at reduced rate to save electricity..) In discussion with the leadership of the Academy a compromise was reached for 2011; Trend must be reverted

  14. The Future of Experimental Particle Physics at HEPHY and SMI • All of accelerator-based experimental particle physics in Austria is carried out by these two Institutes of the Austrian Academy of Science. A small group at Univ. of Innsbruck contributes to Atlas (until 2012) • Considerable benefits seen from a merger of these two institutes forming the ‘Institute of Fundamental Interactions‘ of the Austrian Academy of Sciences • New Institute is to be located in a new building, to be situated on the premises of the ‘Institute of Atomic and Subatomic Physics‘ (ATI) of the Vienna University of Technology • The Academy Institute together with the ATI will form the ‘Cluster of Atomic and Subatomic Physics‘

  15. Research at the new Institute of Fundamental Interactions The new Institute will be created through the joining of HEPHY and SMI • Four major research lines will be pursued • Accelerator-based particle physics with CMS at LHC and Belle II at KEKB • Physics of non-perturbative QCD (exotic nuclear matter) at DAΦNE, JPARC and FAIR • Development of novel precision experiments relevant to particle physics; this line is expected to be developed together with ATI • Experimental methods, which will provide the experimental basis for this ambitious programme • With the scientific, technical and administrative synergies a larger scientific programme (Precision Experiments) will be possible, while staying within presently planned personnel resources • The merger of the two Institutes necessarily requires a new building

  16. Institute of Particle Physics: Organisation (HEPHY+SMI proposal) Matrix: Personnel from several departments works on given projects Organisation is very similar to other institutes of similar size and does not imply an additional layer

  17. Cluster: Institute of Fundamental Interactions associated with Institute of Atomic and Subatomic Physics Physics Cluster of Atomic and Subatomic Physics Institute of Particle Physics • Develop the substantial potential for intellectual and scientific stimulation and outstanding scientific, technical (also administrative) synergies • Provides proper match to the outstanding research potential of the new facilities: LHC, KEKB, FAIR and Precision Experiments • Support of Cluster Concept by the Vienna Univ. of Technology, Univ. Of Vienna, the City of Vienna and the Federal Ministry for Science and Research High Energy Physics Atominstitut of VUT (Institute of Atomic and Subatomic Physics) Hadron Physics Precision Experiments Expt. Methodology

  18. Example: Research synergies generated by cluster QCD Expertise in Vienna/ Austria • Experimental activities, ongoing • SMI programme • HEPHY at CMS: Quarkonia • SMI interests in Belle/ Belle II data • Experimental activities: future and possible developments • Untapped potential for QCD studies at Belle/ Belle II • HEPHY Quarkonia expertise (polarisation) could develop into precision tool to study QGP • SMI commitment in PANDA • Theoretical activities • Vienna: HEPHY, VUT (Rebhan et al), U of Vienna (Hoang et al) • Graz: Alkhofer et al at U of Graz

  19. Technological synergies in the Cluster • Clean room for tests and construction of detectors and precision experiments • Electronics laboratory for development and small series construction of state-of-the-art electronics for poarticle physics experiments • Construction facilities for large detectors with micron precision • Cryogenics facilities • Centre for ultrasensitive analytical studies ; accredited for TXFR • Mechanical workshop for precision machining • Excellent computing facilities (world-wide networked (GRID) Computing)

  20. Outlook: Research at the Institute of Fundamental Interactions

  21. Towards the Physics Cluster for Atomic and Subatomic Physics • HEPHY and SMI strongly support the merger; they have started to collaborate • New research direction planned: • Precision Experiments at ultra-low energies • The Physics Cluster for Atomic and Subatomic Physics provides • Innovative response for decade(s) of new research opportunities • Unique, broad and very topical research programme • Focal point for research with other institutes in the Vienna area, particularly also with theoretical groups • Attractive environment for outstanding scientists • Stimulating opportunities for student training • Strong technological base which could lead to important spin-offs • The new Academy Institute of Fundamental Interactions is in the Academy Development plan; to be submitted for approval in April 2011

  22. International Evaluation of HEPHY and SMI • Academy requested evaluation of HEPHY and SMI by International Committees in view of future and Cluster plans • Evaluation on 10. 11. 2010 (SMI), 11.11. (HEPHY);12.11(Cluster Concept) • Draft report available; final report soon; will become public document • Key statements • HEPHY and SMI are two world-class institutes that make major contributions to the field of particle physics • Experiments well chosen and matched to the strengths of the institutes • HEPHY and SMI are major training ground for students; well trained with opportunities to participate in forefront experiments • Strongly support and recommend the merger of the institutes and the Physics Cluster

  23. International Collaborations: CERN • Austrian Users registered at CERN: 132 • Austrians with CERN contracts: • Staff: 41; Fellows: 11; Technical Doct. Students: 23 • Participation in CERN Teachers Programme: 23 in 2010; need to be improved through measures on Austrian side • Industrial return coefficient • very visible indicator; search for an Austrian ILO • Membership contribution: 13,9 M€ (2006) rising to 17,9 M € (2010) • 50 % of rise due to exchange rate change

  24. Austria-CERN: May 2009 crisis • May 2009: Science Minister announces intention to negotiate termination of CERN membership • Was averted through enormous work by many persons, groups: • Austrian and international physics community; • Strong support by Austrian population • CERN Directorate • Mobilisation and support of substantial political community

  25. Austria-CERN: May 2009 crisis • Reasons for this crisis: a personal comment • Austrian HEP community was too isolated (research only at Academy institutes) • As a consequence, little appreciation of HEP research in the rest of the physics community • HEP was relatively well funded: life was frequently more difficult for University researchers • Strategy forward (w.r.t. the Austrian scene) • Establish solid basis at the universities • Communicate extensively with the non-HEP physics communities • Qualify for competitive funding programs • Demonstrate the quality of research • Be present in and explain to the public • Pay permanent attention to these issues: this is an uphill Marathon Race

  26. Austrian Doctoral Technology Programme at CERN • Innovative initiative of the Ministry for Science and Research • Supports 7 to 8 new students for a technology doctoral thesis every year • After Austrian pre-selection, candidates are fully integrated in the CERN selection and supervision scheme (very important!), but paid with additional funds from Austria • More than 120 students were formed in this program; • typical duration 32 months; • success rate 95 %; • represents a significant fraction of Austrian Doctoral Thesis in technological areas; excellent Austrian use of CERN • Typically 30 % take as first position a job in Austria; fraction increases for subsequent employment • Typically 30% get as first position a CERN appointment (e.g fellow).

  27. Austrian Doctoral Program • Personal comments: • Excellent initiative; very successful • Useful argument for CERN return; excellence in education ‘sells‘ • Personally, see potential for further structured approach: • On Austrian side: developing focused collaborations between an University group and the corresponding CERN group; was only very partially successful; would increase understanding for CERN‘s role; and would increase understanding of CERN personnel of the University world • On CERN side: more emphasis on academic aspects of the CERN supervisor; training for ‘new‘ supervisors? Stronger career recognition of CERN supervisors? • More generally: can one sharpen CERN‘s role as an Academic Institution (without competing with Universities)? • Example: formalise the Academic Training with possibility for credits

  28. The MedAustron Project • Construction of an ion-therapy and research centre in Wiener Neustadt, Austria • Proton and carbon ion therapy • 1200 patients/year • Related research in radio-biology and medical radiation physics • Non-clinical research in expt. Particle Physics • White book - Physics Opportunities at MedAustron (M. Benedikt, H. Leeb, TU Wien,T. Schreiner, ed. ISBN 978-3-901-1671-4-0) • Excellent training facility for students • Professorship in Radiation Physics and Accelerator Physics to be established • Synchrotron based accelerator complex • Protons: 60-800 MeV, C-ions (12C6+): 120-400 MeV/n, ppm • Extremely fruitful collaboration with CERN • Large (35 FTE) Austrian design team at CERN • Personnel costs of participating CERN experts covered by Austria MedAustron – Austrian Ion Therapy Centre

  29. Overall project timeline Summer 2008 Start of project planning and team build-up March 16, 2011 Ground breaking, Civil Engineering starts September 2012 Start of accelerator installation (sequential) March 2013 Start of accelerator commissioning (sequential) Mid 2014 Start of medical commissioning (sequential) 2015 First patient treatment MedAustron – Austrian Ion Therapy Centre

  30. International Collaborations: Institute Laue-Langevin (ILL) • Austria is Member state of ILL, within CENI (Central European Neutron Initiative), together with Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia • Austria has along-standing tradition at ILL (first demonstration neutron interferometry in 1974) • Austrian users at ILL: typically 30 Austrian registered, representing U. of Graz, Innsbruck, Leoben, Linz, VUT, Austrian Academy of Sciences • Extensive use of beam time (factor 2 to 3 above financial share) • Typically >10 projects active • Present research activities: • Precision measurements on neutrons (Fundamental symmetries) • Fundamental studies of quantum mechanics • Material studies • Strong involvement in the European Spallation Source, Lund

  31. Co-ordination of nuclear and particle physics • FAKT = Fachausschuss für Kern- und Teilchenphysik • FAKT is Section of Nuclear and Particle Physics of the Austrian Physical Society • Starting in 2009 FAKT assumes a stronger co-ordination role by creating a ‘Steering Committee‘, consisting of the heads and deputies of the various research units; meets four times/ year • Key areas of activities • Organization of Annual Nuclear/ Particle Physics Meeting • Contacts with other sections of the Austrian Phys. Soc. and Funding Agencies • Victor Hess prize for best Ph.D. thesis in Nuclear/ Particle physics • Outreach activities (www.teilchen.at); national co-ordinator • Collaboration with High School teachers (national co-ordinator) • Support of students (fellowships; Doctoral programmes) • Issue of ‘Strategy paper for Nuclear and Particle Physics’

  32. Milestones since 2004 RECFA Visit • 2004 • E. Widmann appointed director of SMI • Integrated Initiative on HadronPhysics (EU-FP6) • start of SIDDHARTA • start of experiments with antiprotons and CPT test at CERN-AD • 2005 • ASACUSA proposal for antihydrogen experiment approved • FAIR Baseline Technical Report approved including PANDA, FLAIR • VIP experiment approved • SMI hosts EXA conference (120 participants) • R. Alkofer appointed Professor for Theoretical Particle Physics (U. of Graz) • C. Gattringer appointed Professor for Computational Elementary Particle Physics (U. of Graz)

  33. Milestones since 2004 • 2006 • HEPHY assumes co-leadership of Belle CKM Analysis group • Hadrons in Vacuum, Nuclei and Stars" (Doktorats-Kolleg) (FWF, Graz) • 2007 • J-PARC day-1 experiments approved • HEPHY hosts VCI (250 participants) • CMS Tracker installed • 2008 • SMI hosts EXA/LEAP conference (160 participants) • CMS and CMS-Trigger commissioned • HEPHY Exhibition LHC 2008 in Vienna (approx. 6000 visitors) • Belle (and BaBar) results provide experimental basis for attribution of 2008 Nobel Prize to M. Kobayashi and T. Masukawa • A. Rebhan appointed Professor of Theoretical Physics

  34. Milestones since 2004 • 2009 • Integrated Iniative HadronPhysics 2 (EU-FP7) • First LHC Collisions • HEPHY asked by Belle II collaboration to develop, build SVD • H. Abele appointed Professor of (Neutron) Physics at VUT • O. Reimer appointed Professor of (Astroparticle) Physics at U of Innsbruck • C.W. Fabjan appointed director of HEPHY and Prof. of Experimental Particle Physics at VUT (2*2 years) • Approval of Priority Program of FWF/ DFG for Precision Expts. • FAKT gets into the act • Concept of Physics Cluster for atomic and subatomic physics developed and documented

  35. Milestones since 2004 • 2010 • SIDDHARTA-2 partial approval • Start of 7 TeV LHC operation • International evaluation of HEPHY and SMI • ASACUSA produces antihydrogen at CERN • ILD validated as one of two experiments for further development • Belle II approved • HEPHY hosts VCI (260 participants) • A. Hoang appointed Professor for Theoretical Particle and Astroparticle Physics • 2011 • A. Zeilinger leads search committee for joint HEPHY+VUT succession • AIDA (FP7) • Start of construction of MedAustron

  36. Conclusions: issues to be tackled with urgency • Establish new Institute and Physics Cluster • Attract a world-class person to assume in a joint appointment directorship of HEPHY and professorship at VUT • Increase membership of particle physicists in Academy of Sciences • Continue improving visibility and recognition in the Austrian Physics community • Aim for larger Multiplier in Outreach work • Listen to advice of Committees: very helpful Thank you

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