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Tsunami

The world was stunned on December 26, 2004 when the powerful Sumatra- Andaman earthquake triggered tsunamis that demolished many coastal areas of South and Southeast Asia. Tsunami. Tsunami is a Japanese word meaning “harbor wave”.

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Tsunami

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  1. The world was stunned on December 26, 2004 when the powerful Sumatra- Andaman earthquake triggered tsunamis that demolished many coastal areas of South and Southeast Asia.

  2. Tsunami • Tsunami is a Japanese word meaning “harbor wave”. • The word describes the violent motion of water in a lake or ocean after a major disturbance, such as an calving icebergs, landslides, volcanoes, meteorites and earthquake.

  3. Water displacement causes huge waves barely noticeable on the ocean’s surface. These waves can move up to 500 mph, and be only 1 foot high on the ocean’s surface. • As waves get closer to shore, they come in contact with the continental shelf and turn into massive, destructive waves crashing onto beaches and oceanfront properties.

  4. Taiwan

  5. The Indian Ocean tsunami was caused by an undersea (submarine) earthquake that occurred on December 26, 2004. The epicenter was off the west coast of Sumatra, an island in Indonesia.

  6. Estimates now say the tsunami’s destruction killed more than 225,000 people in eleven countries, and inundated coastal communities with waves up to 30 meters (100 feet) high. Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India and Thailand were hit the hardest. It was one of the deadliest natural disasters in history, probably the worst tsunami ever recorded (records go back to the late 1400’s).

  7. The earthquake was caused by subduction – a subduction zone is an area where two tectonic plates meet and move towards one another, with one sliding underneath the other and moving down into the mantle.

  8. With a magnitude of between 9.1 and 9.3, it is the second largest earthquake ever recorded on a seismograph. This earthquake had the longest duration of faulting ever observed, between 8.3 and 10 minutes. It caused the entire planet to vibrate as much as 1 cm (0.5 inches) and triggered other earthquakes as far away as Alaska.

  9. Richter Magnitudes

  10. One gigaton is about 2750 Empire State Buildings, or about 142 million African elephants.

  11. Banda Aceh, Indonesia, island of Sumatra Before the 2004 tsunami

  12. Banda Aceh, Indonesia, island of Sumatra After the 2004 tsunami

  13. Interactive 2004 tsunami website http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/tsunami/anatomy.html

  14. http://www.solcomhouse.com/tsunamis.htm retrieved 12/11/08 http://www.bepast.org/docs/photos/Tsunami/ retrieved 12/10/08https://www.spiegel.de/international/spiegel/0,1518,grossbild-426498-392362,00.html retrieved 12/11/08http://www.iari.res.in/tsunami/page1.html retrieved 12/11/08

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