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英文寫作技巧及論文寫作格式

英文寫作技巧及論文寫作格式. 宋麗梅 國立台灣大學外文系 4/26/2003. 英文寫作技巧. Writing Process. Writing is a process that involves the following 4 steps: Discovering a thesis – often through prewriting Developing solid support for the thesis – often through more prewriting

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英文寫作技巧及論文寫作格式

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  1. 英文寫作技巧及論文寫作格式 宋麗梅 國立台灣大學外文系 4/26/2003

  2. 英文寫作技巧

  3. Writing Process • Writing is a process that involves the following 4 steps: • Discovering a thesis – often through prewriting • Developing solid support for the thesis – often through more prewriting • Organizing the thesis and supporting material and writing it out in a first draft • Revising and then editing carefully to ensure an effective, error-free paper

  4. Writing Process • Prewriting • Technique 1: Freewriting • Technique 2: Questioning • Technique 3: Making a List • Technique 4: Clustering • Technique 5: Preparing a Scratch Outline • Revising • Unity • Support • Coherence • Sentence skills • Editing

  5. Essay (Paragraph) Development • Traditionally, essay (paragraph) writing has been divided into the following patterns of development: * Description * Narration * Exposition - Examples - Process - Cause and effect - Comparison and contrast - Definition - Division and classification *Argumentation

  6. Diagram of an Essay Title of the Essay Opening remarks to catch reader’s interest Thesis statement Plan of development Introduction Topic sentence 1 (supporting point 1) Specific evidence Topic sentence 2 (supporting point 2) Specific evidence Body Topic sentence 3 (supporting point 3) Specific evidence Summary General closing remarks Conclusion

  7. Revising • Four bases • Unity • Support • Coherence • Sentence skills

  8. Vocabulary Wordsheet Word: formidable Pronunciation: [ ] Meanings: 1. feared or dreaded 2. extremely difficult Other forms of the word: formidably , formidability Use of the word in context: Several formidable obstacles stand between Matt and his goal. • One excellent way to get practice in writing is to keep a daily or almost daily journal. Keeping a Journal

  9. 論文寫作格式

  10. Writing Research Papers • Why do research at all? • Need a research topic? • Need to find information? • Need to get organized? • Need to know which sources are reliable and worth citing? • Provide detailed instruction and examples of four academic styles – MLA (English), APA (social sciences), CMS (humanities), and CBE (sciences).

  11. Need a research topic? • Drafting a research proposal • The Short Proposal • The Long Proposal • Explaining Your Purpose in the Research Proposal • Identifying Your Audience in the Research Proposal • Identifying Your Role as a Researcher in the Proposal

  12. Some Reference Books: • MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, Joseph Gibaldi, 5th Edition* • Writing Research Papers: A Complete Guide, James D. Lester, 10th Edition* • Writing for Social Scientists: How to Start and Finish Your Thesis, Book, or Article, Howard Becker • Dissertations and Theses from Start to Finish: Psychology and Related Fields, John Cone and Sharon Foster • Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Fifth Edition* • (*available from Bookman)

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