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Women & Crime

Women & Crime. Perpetrators & Victims. 1. Outline. I. Arrest rates for Women Vs. Men II. Labor Force Trends For Women III. Violence Amongst Intimates IV. Labor Market Analysis for Women V. Demographic Trends VI. Forcible Rape VII. International Traffic in Women. 2.

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Women & Crime

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  1. Women & Crime Perpetrators & Victims 1

  2. Outline • I. Arrest rates for Women Vs. Men • II. Labor Force Trends For Women • III. Violence Amongst Intimates • IV. Labor Market Analysis for Women • V. Demographic Trends • VI. Forcible Rape • VII. International Traffic in Women 2

  3. Trends in Arrest Rates All Offenses 3

  4. Arrest Rates for Violent Index Offenses 4

  5. Arrest Rates for Property Index Offenses 5

  6. Arrest rates For Murder 6

  7. Arrest Rates For Robbery 7

  8. Arrest Rates For Burglary 8

  9. Arrest Rates For Motor Vehicle Theft 9

  10. Arrest Rates For Larceny-Theft 10

  11. Arrest rates For Prostitution and Commercialized Vice 11

  12. Trends In Arrest Rates For Embezzlement 12

  13. Conclusions • Women are becoming more involved in crime • Women do not like confrontational types of crime • Not so much into violent crime or robbery • As women work, opportunities change • Embezzlement by women increasing • Prostitution decreasing 13

  14. Labor Force Trends For Women Meg Whitman: E-Bay/ Candidate for Governor/ CEO of Hewlett-Packard Rosie the Riveter During WWII 14

  15. Labor Force Trends For Women • In 1948, nearly one third of women participated in the labor force. By 2008, nearly sixty percent of women participated in the labor force • In 1973, women accounted for 38.5% of national employment. By 2010, this number was over 47 %. 15

  16. 16

  17. Household Survey Employed, E Labor Force, LF Civilian Non-institutional Population, CNIP Unemployed, U Not In The Labor Force, NLF Labor Force Participation Rate, ρ = LF/CNIP 17

  18. Labor Force Trends For Women • As more women left the role of house wife for the labor force, the nature of the home changed • As women became a larger presence in the workplace, the nature of the workplace changed 18

  19. In Contrast: Labor Force Partipation Rate Trends For Young Men, 16-24 19

  20. Trends In Property Offense Rates 20

  21. A statistical analysis of the US property crime rate from 1960 through 2010 was conducted, and the crime rate was positively correlated with the labor force participation rate for men ages 16-24, lagged two years, and negatively correlated with the labor force participation rate for women, lagged three years. 21

  22. Property Crime Rate : Observed & Regression Estimate 22

  23. III. Violence Amongst intimatesI • http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/intimate/ipv.cfm 23

  24. Role of Intimates In Homicides 24

  25. 25

  26. Victims of Homicide by Intimates 26

  27. Intimate Partner Victims 27

  28. Intimate Homicides By Relationship 28

  29. Homicide By Intimates Rates 29

  30. Non-fatal Rates Per 1000 30

  31. IV. Labor Force Analysis for Women Using Illustrative Muliplicative Preferences U =(Y –Y0 ) 0.5 (L - L0 ) 0.5 • y0 = committed income, credit card payments and mortgage payments etc. • L0 = committed leisure, things you have to do around the house such as take care of the kids (soccer mom) 31

  32. Fifties and Sixties • Male was the bread-winner, female did the chores around the house 32

  33. U =(Y –Y0 ) 0.5 (L - L0 ) 0.5 ,y0 =0 = L0 8 hours work, $25/hr 33

  34. 34

  35. Housewife with $150/day of Husband’s $200/day for Household • Treat $150/day as her non-labor income so less likely to work • Possibly the story in the fifties and sixties 35

  36. Housewife with $150 of Husband’s $200 Non-labor Income At most wants to work ~ 4 hours 36

  37. Single woman with Kids & Alimony • Ten hours of committed leisure • U =(Y – 0)0.5 (L – 10)0.5 37

  38. Single Woman with Kids & Alimony Alimony 0 5 0 Wants to work at most six 38

  39. Single Woman with Kids, No Alimony, & $150/day of Committed Income origin Wants to work ~ 8 hours 39

  40. Modern Woman, Husband Earns $200/day, expenses plus mortgage amounts to $250/day: works 8 hours origin Wants to work ~ 8 hours/day 40

  41. Currently; Home Ownership is Going Down 41

  42. Age At First Marriagehttp://www.userniche.com/LoveAndDivorce/ASP/UserNicheMainPage.asp?ID=23 42

  43. V. Relationship Trends • Marriage Rates • Divorce Rates • Birth Rates 43

  44. US Statistical Abstract 1953 44

  45. Baby Boom. US Stat. Abst. 1974 45

  46. The Long View: Greenwood & Gruner 46

  47. 47

  48. Where Did All the Married Women Go? How Long Will You Be Married? 48

  49. 49

  50. OECD Marriage & Divorce Rateshttp://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/4/19/40321815.pdf 50

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