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Welcome. 50th Anniversary of the Particle Data Group Also celebrating the 75 th Birthday of Matts Roos 80 th Birthday of Art Rosenfeld. Sheldon Glashow George Kalbfleisch Art Rosenfeld. Review of Particle Physics - 2006 Edition. The Particle Data Book Particle Physics Booklet

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  1. Welcome

  2. 50th Anniversary of the Particle Data Group Also celebrating the 75th Birthday of Matts Roos 80th Birthday of Art Rosenfeld

  3. Sheldon Glashow George Kalbfleisch Art Rosenfeld

  4. Review of Particle Physics - 2006 Edition The Particle Data Book Particle Physics Booklet Web Version of RPP Pocket Diary for Physicists

  5. 2006 Edition of RPP 689 New papers 2633 New measurements -- with new fits • In addition to 6400 old papers with 22,000 measurements 110 Reviews • 11 new reviews • 66 revised Book is 1250 pages Booklet is 320 pages (still… but at a price)

  6. New Reviews 1. Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark-mixing matrix A. Ceccucci, Z. Ligeti, Y. Sakai 2. V(ud), V(us), Cabibbo Angle, and CKM Unitarity - E. Blucher, W.J. Marciano 3. Determination of V(cb) and V(ub) - R. Kowalewski, T. Mannel 4. Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment - A. Hocker, W.J. Marciano 5. Dalitz-Plot Analysis Formalism - D. Asner 6. Polarization in B Decays - A.V. Gritsan, J.G. Smith 7. Pentaquark Update - G. Trilling 8. Extra Dimensions - G.F. Giudice, J.D. Wells 9. Introduction to the Neutrino Properties Listings - P. Vogel, A. Piepke 10. Introduction to Three-Neutrino Mixing Parameters Listings 11. Particle Detectors (New sections: Photon Detectors: A. Chakraborty, T. Sumiyoshi; Micro-pattern Gas Detectors: M.T. Ronan; Resistive-plate chambers: H.R. Band, J. Zhang)

  7. Products Distributed • 31,000 Booklets (up from 29,500) • 16,000 RPP books (up from 14,200) • 5-10 million hits/year on website Notes • CERN distributing as before. • Increased demand.

  8. Student and HEP Books/Booklets (LBNL distribution) Booklet:year total HEP[%] student[%] grad. fract.[%]2000 8,968 57 27 742002 10,083 56 33 722004 11,258 56 39 70 RPP Book:year total HEP[%] student[%] grad. fract.[%]2000 6,669 63 24 782002 8,220 61 31 762004 9,328 63 38 75

  9. According to SLAC Library, the Review is the all-time top cited article in High Energy Physics with25,800citations. 2nd is Weinberg’s Standard Model paper with 6075

  10. Who Contributes 166 authors from 19 countries and 100 institutions • PDG/Berkeley • CERN, Japan, Meson Team, World • Working Groups, Workshop participants, Referees, Verifiers

  11. The PDG Empire

  12. The Berkeley Group Juerg Beringer Physicist 0.5 FTE Weiming Yao Physicist 0.5 FTE Michael Barnett Physicist 0.5 FTE Piotr Zyla Editor/Physicist Gail Harper Admin Retirees (0.05 to 0.2 FTE): Orin Dahl, Don Groom, Tom Trippe, Charles Wohl Ramon Miquel resigned and is in Spain. He promises 0.3 FTE for this year only. A search is under way for a replacement, and we would appreciate your help. The position is half PDG, half research (ATLAS, SNAP, … or maybe Theory).

  13. PDG Workshops Improved and expanded coverage through • D Meson •  Lepton • CKM Workshop • Neutrino Workshop • Extra Dimensions Workshop Contributed to the content of RPP-2006

  14. Role of Working Groups For example: Coordination with LEP and B-factory working groups on: B lifetimes, mixing, V(cb) and V(ub), etc. PDG role in CKM Workshops (CERN 2002, Durham 2003, San Diego 2005) PDG working closely with BaBar, Belle, CLEO and Tevatron in Heavy Flavor Working Group.

  15. New Papers in RPP-2006 Measurements200220042006 W Boson 54 12 39 Z Boson 70 19 32  lepton 42 15 82 Neutrinos and mixing 64 43 142 Charged hvy leptons 3 1 0 Quarks (u,d,c,s,b) 20 31 24 Top quark 13 4 29 b' quark 0 1 0 g,e,m, p, h 37 12 32 K mesons 57 87 134 D and Ds mesons 98 123 251 B and Bs mesons 344 466 784 Supersymmetry 160 157 73 Axions 18 15 13 Higgs 43 25 30 W‘, Z‘ 44 13 24 Compositeness 58 21 12 Extra dimensions 44 28 15 Other searches 39 15 23 Free q, monopoles 5 3 10 Baryons 377 197 206 y, hc, cc, cb, upsilon 107 90 454 Other unstable mesons 388 335 221 TOTAL 2205 1708 2633 Papers200220042006 W Boson 23 8 14 Z Boson 21 9 18  Lepton 11 5 19 Neutrinos and mixing 28 30 49 Charged hvy leptons 1 1 0 Quarks (u,d,c,s,b) 17 19 14 Top quark 9 3 21 b' quark 0 1 0 g,e,m, p, h 32 7 20 K mesons 39 36 46 D and Ds mesons 24 29 60 B and Bs mesons 90 106 188 Supersymmetry 60 83 43 Axions 8 12 11 Higgs 30 19 23 W‘, Z‘ 30 9 13 Compositeness 19 7 6 Extra dimensions 25 16 11 Other searches 22 8 11 Free q, monopoles 2 3 3 Baryons 69 48 46 y, hc, cc, cb, upsilon48 30 90 Other unstable mesons89 60 42 TOTAL 667 505 689

  16. Listings and Reviews have equal usage The Web allows us to see which portions of RPP most interest our readers. In practice, the hits on the Data Listings and on the Reviews are almost exactly equal. Clearly people care about both.

  17. Public Access to the RPP Database Work by the IHEP Protvino group: Slava Lugovsky Kirill Lugovsky Vladimir Ezhela working together with Juerg Beringer and Piotr Zyla. This is an outstanding accomplishment, providing unique, valuable, convenient access to information in our database. And it is fun to explore!

  18. Finding the information you want is much easier: • Enable powerful searches of RPP database • Produce search results with Greek and math • Link References to actual papers Now available !

  19. PDG Representative Board • Michael Doser (CERN) • Simon Eidelman (Russia) • Ken-ichi Hikasa (Japan) • Klaus Mönig (Germany) • Weiming Yao (LBNL) • Michael Barnett (ex-officio)

  20. Survey on Big Book December 2000 THE QUESTION: Is having a copy of the full-sized book essential to your work or study? Yes, it is essential. Having the full-size book is useful, but I could live without it. No, I do not need it. TOTAL Responses 2450. 1226 also provided comments

  21. Survey on Big Book COMMENT Many of the people who voted "useful" made comments urging continuance of the full-sized book.

  22. Survey on Big Book

  23. Summary of Comments Survey is Biased? You should send it out on paper - otherwise the results will be biased toward web users. It is like doing a telephone survey to find out how many people use telephones. Comments AGAINST producing the book I only use web version and booklet. I need only the web version. Save trees. Comments FOR producing the book Can live without it, but… Convenience-- second monitor Poor web access Access for travel, home, etc. Browsing is superior for book Intense, focused use Time-saving Better for students Bookmarks, notes in margin Print anyway Serendipity, random reading Archiving - cultural heritage Health Global view Readability for vision impaired Reference and authors Figures usability

  24. NSF Reviewers “Reviewing the proposal for the PDG is somewhat akin to reviewing motherhood. The services that have been provided by this group to the world community of high energy physicists is of inestimable value.” “The work of the PDG is absolutely necessary for rapid progress of elementary particle physics. Without it, the field would be very fragmented and achieving consensus would be very difficult.” “The Particle Data Books become "bibles" to researchers in particle physics. Without this work, progress would be slower.”

  25. Director’s Review of Physics Division Particle Data Group and Outreach: The Physics Division’s efforts in these areas are major and are world-class. LBNL is a leader in the QuarkNet program for high school teachers; the Contemporary Physics Education Project, which develops posters and teaching materials for high schools; the award-winning Particle Adventure website; and the new Universe Adventure website now being developed. ... the resources needed to sustain this unique and vital asset to the community must be bolstered to guarantee the continuation of this high-quality product.

  26. Appendix (March 7, 2005) Your recommendations and our actions • Quark model • The understanding of the baryon and meson spectrum has advanced greatly in recent years by applying lattice methods to QCD. It would therefore be appropriate to present a brief introduction into this by now wide-spread theoretical method (also used in several other sections of RPP) and to summarize the main results on the hadron spectrum. Presently the material on the quark model of hadrons is covered by an experimentalist; the authorship may be complemented by lattice QCD • theorists. • -- Done

  27. Appendix (March 7, 2005) Your recommendations and our actions 2. Symmetry groups The presentation of mathematics related to symmetry groups, which play important roles in particle physics, should be modernized and expanded. In view of modern theoretical developments the following reordering and expansion suggests itself: • Overview of important symmetry groups in particle physics: E(6), SO(10), SU(n), U(1): definitions, Dynkin diagrams, useful rules for decompositions into subgroups such as SU(5) → SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1), etc. • Representations and multiplets: SO(10), SU(5), SU(3), SU(2); Young tableaux (Sect. 37); • Details on SU(2) and flavor SU(3) (Sects. 35/36); details on GUT SO(10) and SU(5)(subsection should provide the mathematics complementary to the GUT review). -- Have an author who will write it if encouraged.

  28. Appendix (March 7, 2005) Your recommendations and our actions 3. QCD Review Scaling violations and higher-order QCD calculations should be discussed more systematically in the subsection on the nucleon structure functions, and a more comprehensive overview of higher order results should be given on the anomalous dimensions, sum rules etc. -- Addressed in Structure Functions section 4. Leptoquarks The minireview on leptoquarks should be expanded by summarizing bounds on masses and couplings from low-energy analyses, particle decays etc. In addition, the main production mechanisms should briefly be listed including typical cross sections; present bounds from high energy collider experiments should be summarized. The minireview should be moved to the section "Searches". -- Partly addressed. Did not move the section though.

  29. Appendix (March 7, 2005) Your recommendations and our actions 5. Compositeness The minireview on compositeness should follow the pattern of the leptoquark minireview. It should be expanded to include the main production mechanisms for excited leptons/quarks and the characteristic cross sections. Bounds on their masses and on the compositeness scales should be summarized. -- Was overlooked. 6. Neutrinos (Listings) Any change of notation in the neutrino sector should be approached with great care, and it should not be implemented before a general consensus has been reached within the PDG and with the outside community concerned. -- Done

  30. Appendix (March 7, 2005) Your recommendations and our actions 7. CKM Review The present authors of this review have performed competent analyses of the CKM matrix and they have presented the results in an clear way. Nevertheless, in recent years new theoretical tools, like HQET and lattice calculations of the theoretical parameters, have been developed, and with BaBar and Belle the experimental field has advanced greatly. These new developments should be reflected in the composition of the author team. To keep the expertise of the past and to add expert knowledge of the new experimental and theoretical areas, part of the team may be substituted by an experimentalist from the BaBar or Belle collaborations and a theorist active in one of the newly developed theoretical areas. -- New authors wrote an all new review.

  31. Appendix (March 7, 2005) Your recommendations and our actions 7. CKM Review (continued) In our 2002 report, the presentation of additional material on CKM matrix elements in the form of small minireviews was suggested. Oral presentations during the latest PDG meeting have strengthened the case for reiterating this suggestion. Minireviews should be included on Vtd etc. and attached to the B-mixing minireview, and more attention should be paid to the prime elements Vud and Vus; the information may be presented by expanding the minireview on Baryon Decay Parameters and corresponding reviews on strange hadron decays. -- Done

  32. Appendix (March 7, 2005) Your recommendations and our actions 7. CKM Review (continued 2) Comment on Vcb: a controversy has recently arisen about the RPP presentation of theoretical methods used in determining this CKM matrix element from experimental data. While it must be left to the experts in the field to sort out which methods are meaningful or not, the committee nevertheless wishes to comment on the issues from a general perspective. Authors of reviews and minireviews should pay balanced attention to different methods as long as no general consensus has emerged on one of the methods being incorrect or useless. Indications of how the issues can be resolved in the future, either theoretically or experimentally, are particularly helpful for RPP readers who would like to get a fair overview of the field and its prospects. Proper referencing of the original material in the literature is a necessary condition to avoid the false impression that PDG would take side in controversial areas without justification. Moreover, proper attention should be paid to referee reports; they should be responded to by the authors and not be ignored. -- Advice understood.

  33. Appendix (March 7, 2005) Your recommendations and our actions • 8. Cross sections • This review is in desperate need of a modern update. Formulae should cover: • • e+e– annihilation: • o fermion pair production • o Z resonance production • o WW production • o Higgs-strahlung and WW fusion • o SUSY Higgs production • o chargino/neutralino production • o slepton pair production • o radiative QED corrections • • two-photon processes: • o Weizsäcker-Williams spectrum • o fermion and scalar pair production • o single resonance formation (Higgs) • (continued next page)

  34. Appendix (March 7, 2005) Your recommendations and our actions • 8. Cross sections (continued) • • Tevatron and LHC: • o hadron and parton cross sections in general • o parton cross-sections: 2-2 QCD processes • o heavy-quark production • o vector-boson production • o Higgs production channels • o SUSY Higgs • o Drell-Yan chargino/neutralino/slepton production • o squark-and gluino production • -- Partly done. Current author has reservations about doing more.

  35. Appendix (March 7, 2005) Your recommendations and our actions 9. Heavy ions and high-temperature QCD (see also 2002 Report) We recommend a new review article to cover the following topics: • Basic introduction to heavy-ion collisions and phenomenological dynamics • QCD phase transition: lattice results and phenomenological aspects • experimental observations • early results • RHIC results • LHC expectations The natural place for this article would be after the fragmentation review. -- For 2008 review?

  36. Appendix (March 7, 2005) Your recommendations and our actions 10. Particle detectors In the 2004 edition, two articles, one for inorganic scintillators and the other for electromagnetic calorimeters, were significantly updated. Two new reviews describing Cherenkov detectors were added. The committee would like to commend PDG for the achievements. Nevertheless, we would like point out that some improvements still remain to be seen: • An article on RPCs (Resistive Plate Chambers), in view of the importance of this technology for the LHC detectors should be included. -- Done • The present edition does not cover photon detection in any way and a systematic review would be in order. -- Done • The review of hadron calorimeters could profit from an update to cover recent developments. -- Will be done in 2008 edition (by Wigmans and Groom)

  37. Appendix (March 7, 2005) Your recommendations and our actions • 11. Miscellaneous proposals (see also 2002 Report) • • Fragmentation: include results from lepton-hadron scattering • -- Done • • GUT: include a figure showing the running of αi in SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1) for SM and SUSY • -- Done • • Quark Masses: include QCD sum rules and describe method briefly • -- Done • • SUSY (theoretical part): include figures on • o MSSM Higgs masses as function of MA • o mSUGRA spectrum of the Snowmass Reference Point SPS.1A • o evolution of SPS.1A from low energies to unification scale MGUT • -- Was overlooked.

  38. Collaboration Issues(to be discussed later) • Increasing size of Booklet • Increasing size of Big Book • Should the Listings be dropped from the big book (while keeping Summary Tables, Reviews and Mini-reviews)? • Possible Cosmology Data/parameters Group • Producing RPP for download or CD/DVD • Should there be one combined author list? • More?

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