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The Wilderness Act

Learn about key environmental acts such as The Wilderness Act, Clean Water Act, and more that safeguard nature from pollution, development, and harm. Understand how these regulations promote a cleaner, safer environment for all.

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The Wilderness Act

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  1. The Wilderness Act 1964

  2. Permanently protects some lands from development.

  3. The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) 1972

  4. Prohibits the taking of marine mammals in U.S. waters and importation of mammals and marine mammal products into the USA

  5. Pollution Prevention Act 1990

  6. Pollution should be prevented or reduced at the source whenever feasible, if not, it should be recycled in an environmentally safe manner

  7. The Clean Air Act (CAA) 1963/1970

  8. Regulates air emissions from stationary and mobile sources. • Checks for criteria pollutants: • Sulfur Dioxide • Particulate Matter • Lead • Ozone • Nitrogen Dioxide • Carbon Monoxide

  9. The Clean Water Act (CWA) 1972

  10. Establishes regulation for discharges of pollutants into the waters of the U.S. • Sets limits to keep our waterways – fishable and swimmable 

  11. The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) 1974

  12. Protects the quality of drinking water in the U.S. • Water treatment facilities must follow the strict guidelines established by EPA

  13. Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERLA or Superfund) 1980

  14. Provides for a “Superfund” to clean up abandoned hazardous waste sites as well as accidents, spills and other emergency releases of pollutants.

  15. The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) 1976

  16. EPA has the ability to track approx. 75,000 industrial chemicals produced or imported into the United States

  17. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) 1900

  18. Regulates the trade of endangered species

  19. The Endangered Species Act(ESA) 1973

  20. Provides for the conservation of threatened and endangered plants and animals and the habitats where they are found

  21. The Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act(EPCRA)

  22. Designed to help local communities protect public health, safety and be safe from chemical hazards

  23. The Occupational Safety and Health Act(OSHA)

  24. Employers must provide their workers a place of employment free from recognized hazards to safety and health such as exposure to toxic chemicals, excessive noise levels, mechanical dangers, heat or cold stress, or unsanitary conditions

  25. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) 1938

  26. requires producers of food additives/colorings/cosmetics to demonstrate to a reasonable certainty that no harm will result from the intended use of an additive

  27. Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1972

  28. Controls the distribution, sale and use of pesticides

  29. Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) 1996

  30. No harm should come to people from pesticides used on foods

  31. Convention of Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol of 1997 Kyoto Protocol

  32. International treaty to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

  33. Convention of Ozone Depletion and the Montreal Protocol of 1986 Montreal Protocol

  34. International treaty to phase out stratospheric ozone destroying compounds….CFC’s

  35. National Environmental Policy Act(NEPA) 1969

  36. The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) requires federal agencies to consider environmental values into their decision making when planning new development projects • An EIS (environmental impact statement) must be generated for any building project

  37. Convention of the Conference on the Human Environment Stockholm Declaration 1972

  38. First huge gathering of nations to address all global environmental issues, from endangered species, to laws of the seas etc..

  39. The Oil Pollution Act (OPA) 1990

  40. Trust fund was created through a tax on oil to finance the cleanup of oil spills when the responsible party is unable or unwilling to do so

  41. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) 1976

  42. RCRA tracks the progress of hazardous wastes from their point of generation, their transport, and their treatment and/or disposal • From the “Cradle to the Grave”

  43. Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA) 1977

  44. SMCRA – ensures that mining companies post a bond sufficient to cover the cost of reclaiming the site (incase they go bankrupt)

  45. The Wild and Scenic River Act 1968

  46. These rivers, or section of rivers, are to be preserved in their “free-flowing” condition and are not to be dammed or improved in any way

  47. The Nuclear Waste Policy Act 1980

  48. After more than two decades of scientific study, in 2002, Congress and the President approved the development of a permanent geologic repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada.

  49. The Energy Policy Act 2005

  50. Financial incentives such as tax write-offs and loan guarantees for individuals or businesses were directed to those who practiced energy conservation.

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