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Visual Narrative

Visual Narrative. Week 13. Animation principles. Animation is produced by exploiting an optical illusion Persistence of vision - around 23 frames per second Early techniques: ‘bird in cage’ (old!) Zoetrope (1800s). Early animation. Early 1900s Emile Cohl Fantasmogorie (1908)

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Visual Narrative

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  1. Visual Narrative Week 13

  2. Animation principles • Animation is produced by exploiting an optical illusion • Persistence of vision - around 23 frames per second • Early techniques: • ‘bird in cage’ (old!) • Zoetrope (1800s)

  3. Early animation • Early 1900s • Emile Cohl Fantasmogorie (1908) • Winsor McCay • Hand drawn • Frame-by frame • McCay’s Gertie the Trained Dinosaur is a classic example

  4. Evolution of animation • Animation as spectacle • Striving for realism: cel animation (late 1910s, early 20s) • Introduction of animation devices • Industrialisation (1920s) • Factory-style production • Division of labour • National industries…

  5. International animation • United states • Dominated (commercial) industry • European • Darker, more political, avant-garde • Australia • Early innovation stymied by industry • Japan • Post-war boom • Embraced US model

  6. Basic principles • Basic principles: • Image change • Registration points • Timing • Ways of constructing include: • Drawing • Pixillation • Time-lapse • Stop-frame

  7. Techniques • Silhouettes • Puppetry • Cut-outs • Drawing onto film (scratching) • Rotoscoping • Others…

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