Tobacco

1. Tobacco

2. Tobacco: True or False? • Smoking pipes or cigars can be as deadly as smoking cigarettes. • Nicotine is a drug. • Tobacco only affects a person after years of use. • Tobacco increases the risk of lung, mouth, throat, pancreatic, and bladder cancer. • It is against the law to sell any tobacco product to someone under the age of 18. • A person can easily quit smoking when he or she wants to. • Young people do not become addicted as easily as adults do. • Sometimes, medicine can help a person quit using tobacco. • Positive peer pressure from friends can influence a teen to avoid tobacco. • Once a person has used tobacco, quitting the habit will not help him or her recover from the health effects. • Advertisements can encourage a false understanding of tobacco’s effects. • Tobacco smoke can increase asthma symptoms in non-smokers.

3. Answers • True • True • False • True • True • False • False • True • True • False • True • True

4. Tobacco • a plant with leaves that can be dried and mixed with chemicals to make products such as cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, and cigars.

5. What’s in Tobacco Products? • Additives: chemicals that help keep tobacco moist, help it to burn longer and taste better. • Carbon Monoxide: a gas that enters the bloodstream and makes it hard for the body to get oxygen. • Tar: a solid, sticky substance that coats the airways and lungs, blocking the air sacks. • Nicotine: a highly addictive drug found in all tobacco products.

7. Other Chemicals • Arsenic: used in rat poison • Acetone: found in nail polish remover • Formaldehyde: used in embalming • Nitrobenzene: found in gasoline • Hydrogen Cyanide: poison in gas chambers • Lead: found in some paints • Vinyl Chloride: used in garbage bags

8. Effects of Smoking • Nicotine raises the heart rate and blood pressure. • Skin, breath, hair, and clothing will immediately smell of smoke. Other people usually notice first. • Nausea and dizziness can occur when you first start out to smoke. • Senses of taste and smell will suffer. Foods will no longer smell or taste the same. • Shortness and increased coughing. • Smokers get sick more frequently and stay sick longer.

9. Smokeless Tobacco • Chewing Tobacco: coarsely chopped tobacco leaves that contain flavorings and additives. Can be chewed or tucked under the lips. • Snuff: powdered tobacco that people sniff inside of the nose or place in the mouth

10. Effects of Smokeless Tobacco • Chewing can cause yellow teeth, bad breath, cuts & sores, & tooth decay. • Snuff can destroy the ability to smell, taste & cause the nose to decay. • Gum disease can occur, eventually leading to cancer. • Disfigurement of the face.

12. Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) • Smoke that comes from the end of a lit cigarette and the smoke that is inhaled by a non-smokers mouth. • Is just as dangerous as smoking. • Non-smokers are at risk for the same health problems as smokers. • Many smokers will die from smoking related illnesses each year. • Especially dangerous for children.

13. Effects of Smoking • Chronic Effect: a consequence that remains with a person for a long time. • The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) monitors the safety of foods, drinks and medicines. But it does not monitor tobacco products.

14. Other Tobacco Products • Bidis: unfiltered cigarettes that are wrapped in brown leaves and tied with thread. Come in flavors which make them appealing to teens. • Pipe tobacco • Cigars • Clove Cigarettes

15. Tobacco Products, Disease & Death

16. Tobacco Products, Disease & Death

17. Cancer • A disease in which damaged cells grow out of control and destroy healthy tissue. • Smoking causes about 30% of all cancer deaths. • Smoking can cause cancer of the bladder, kidneys, throat, mouth and lungs.

18. Lung Cancer • The leasing cause of cancer deaths among men and women who smoke. • Can be difficult to find early because it spreads quickly. • It doesn’t matter what type of cigarette you smoke, the risk is still high. • If a smoker quits, the risk goes down.

19. Mouth Cancer • Smokeless tobacco causes cancer of the mouth, head and neck. • Have a higher risk of getting mouth cancer if you are a chewer than a cigarette smoker. • Chewers develop sores in their mouth that can become cancerous. • If a user quits, the sores can disappear. • The risk of oral, or mouth cancer depends on how long and how much smokeless tobacco has been used.

20. Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) • A disorder of the circulatory system. • Includes heart disease, chronic high blood pressure, and stroke. • CVD is the highest leading cause of death for adults in the US. • Damages the inside lining of the arteries which allows solid material to build up and block the blood flow. (blood clot)

21. CVD • Heart Attack: occurs when the blood flow is restricted to the heart. • Stroke: occurs when the blood supply to the brain is blocked. • Blocked arteries to the limbs can cause severe pain. • If the condition worsens, then amputation of a limb might be needed. • The younger you are when you start to use tobacco products, the higher your risk.

22. Respiratory Disease • A disease that, once developed, is always present and will not go away. • 2 most common chronic respiratory diseases are bronchitis and emphysema.

23. Chronic Bronchitis • A disease that causes the airways of the lungs to become irritated and swollen. • The irritation causes a mucus build-up and cough a lot. • Causes difficulty breathing.

24. Emphysema • A disease in which the tiny air-sacks and the walls of the lungs are destroyed. • Damage is permanent. • People with emphysema may require a machine to help them breath.

25. Other Health Problems • Catch the flu and colds more often • Increased risk for dental and gum disease • Eye diseases • Premature signs of aging • Harmful to unborn children

26. Social & Emotional Effects

27. Social & Emotional Effects • Costs money • Illegal ramifications • Laws against indoor smoking can cause problems. • Friendships can suffer. • Parental relationships can suffer. • Emotional difficulty with smoking because it causes health problems.

28. Breaking Rules • Against the law to sell products to anyone under the age of 18. • Forbidden on school grounds. • Parental rules

29. Social Strain • When the use of tobacco causes awkward of risky situations and creates tension among family and friends. • It can be difficult for family members to watch a loved one increase his or her chances of dying from a deadly disease. • Can also arise when someone is pressured to use a tobacco product when they don’t want to.

30. Activity • Tobacco habits are expensive. • Get into groups of 4-5 and add up how much money you would spend if you smoked, from the given scenarios.

31. Addiction

32. Addiction • A condition in which a person can no longer control his or her need or desire for a drug. • The more a substance is used , the more it is needed.

33. Nicotine • A highly poisonous substance that only takes second to reach the brain. • Attaches to receptors in the brain and sends a chemical message throughout the body. • Increases heart rate • Raises blood pressure • The brain increases the number of receptors which then requires the brain to need more nicotine.

34. Tolerance, Dependence, & Withdrawal • Tolerance: a condition in which a user needs more of a drug to get the same effects. • Dependence: when a user relies on the drug to feel normal. • Withdrawal: the way in which the body responds when a dependent person stops using a drug. • Include uncomfortable physical and psychological symptoms.

35. Responses • Everybody is different, therefore their responses to the drugs are different. • Social factors and family history can influence the way people react.

36. Quitting

38. It’s Tough to Quit • 30 Million people in the US try to quit smoking. • Only 5% have long-term success • Relapse: to begin using a drug again after stopping for awhile. • It is hard to quit even in you want to.

40. Planning • Methods can be different • “cold turkey”: suddenly and completely stopping. • Cessation: the act of stopping something entirely and permanently. • Most people need help • Doctor, health professional, counselor. • Avoid situations where people are going to be smoking • Choose another activity instead of smoking

41. NRT: Nicotine Replacement Therapy • A safe medicine that delivers small amounts of nicotine to the body. • Helps ease withdrawal symptoms. • 2 most common forms • Nicotine Gum • Patches

42. Why Quit? • Positive changes start happening immediately. • Carbon Monoxide levels return to normal • Immune system recovers • Mouth sores heal • Keeps problems from getting worse. • Benefits of quitting are greater the sooner a person stops. • Quitting is one of the most beneficial things a person can do in his or her life.

43. Why People Use Tobacco

44. Peer Pressure • A strong influence from a friend or classmate

45. Family & Role Models • Modeling: basing your behavior on how others act. • Children of smokers are 37% more likely to smoke than non-smokers children. • Role Models: • Movie stars • Pro Athletes

46. Advertising • Promotion: making a product seem wonderful by hosting games or concerts, giving out free samples, or setting up displays. • Targeted Marketing: advertising aimed at a particular group of people.

47. Activity • List all of the advertisements that you have seen or read in the past week. • Identify what tobacco product it was advertising and where you saw it.

48. Choosing Not to Use Tobacco

49. Refusal Skills • Say NO • Give a reason • Walk away

50. Avoid Tobacco Environments • People who spend less time in tobacco environments are less likely to use tobacco • People who have quit using tobacco can be tempted to relapse • Non-smokers avoid ETS