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Lecture 8

Kazakhstan during the Mongolian conquest. Golden Horde (1243 – middle of XV century ).” Lecture 8. Lecture 8. Brief contents: 1 . Consequences of Mongol invasions. 2. Colden Horde. . Brief contents:.

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Lecture 8

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  1. Kazakhstan during the Mongolian conquest. Golden Horde (1243 – middle of XV century).”Lecture 8 Lecture 8

  2. Brief contents: 1. Consequences of Mongol invasions. 2.Colden Horde. Brief contents:

  3. The Mongolian invasion was a great calamity for Ka­zakhstan and other conquered countries. Chingiz-Khan used methods of mass terror and violation in order to suppress the resistance of the indigenous popula­tion. The whole regions were devastated. Towns of Southern Kazakhstan were destroyed by the Mongols comp­letely. There were Otrar, Sygnak and Ashnas. 1. Consequences of Mongol invasions

  4. Thus, the Моngolian conquest was accompanied with mass massacres and destruction of the productive forces, material and cultural values.

  5. At the same time not everything was simple. The he­ritage of the Chingis-Khan Empire shown itself in the Ka­zak khanate of the XV—XVIII centuries, as well as in the Turkic states of Central Asia, Siberia, Povoljie, the Nort­hern Caucasus add the Crimea.

  6. Before the death Chin Khan divided his empire among his 4 sons. Territory of Kazakhstan was include in compose of 3 Mongol uluses: 2. Colden Horde.

  7. The eldest son – Dzhuchi got the lands of SaryArka and further to the west, to the south till the Caspian and Aral. Northern Khorezm belonged to him, too. His possessions got the name UlugUlus– “Great Ulus”.

  8. Middle son- Chagatai got lands of South and south-east Kazakhstan and Maverannakhr

  9. To another middle son Ugedei belonged lands of West Mongolian, upper Irtysh and Tarbagatai.

  10. In UlugUlyus after death of Dzhuchi was ruled grandson of C.Khan- Batu (Batyi)-1242-1256 yy. Batu can increase UlugUlus till East Europe. In the result his 7-ht war(1236-1242yy) under power of Batu were lands to west from Volga till Dunay, included Cream, NothernCauces..

  11. UlugUlus was many nationality state. In agriculture regions lived greecs, cherces, bulgars, khorezmyis and Russians. • UlugUlus was fact the first centralized Kazakh state. Eastern historians called it tin White Horde, in Russian sources it is known as the Golden Horde. It’s known of ruler of the Golden Horde as, so Uzbek (1312-1342), Urus (60-70-h yy. of XIV c.)

  12. Conquering of Kiev

  13. UlugUlus existed till the XV century. It played a positive role for Kazakhstan. There appeared a centre of the country without wars. The formation of a strong state stimulated the growth of trade and city building. Khan Berkeannounced Islam a state religion. In the XIV century after a few rulers changed, UlugUlus was no longer a strong country. Unsuccessful foreign policy, intrigues among the rich led to the defeat of war with Timur; new civil wars caused the state break-up.

  14. As a result UlugUlus - the Golden Horde - stopped existing by the XV century. Several states appeared on its place. They were Kazan, Crimea, Sarai (Astrakhan) khanates. The biggest part of the former UlugUlus was under Abulkhair State.

  15. Thank you for attention!!!

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