The National Institute of Corrections’

1. Transition To Community Initiatives • TPC: Transition from Prison to Community - Center for Effective Public Policy • - and - • TJC: Transition from Jail to Community – • The Urban Institute The National Institute of Corrections’ Kermit Humphries Program Specialist

2. What Are We Going to Do? • NIC Overview of Transition – Kermit Humphries, NIC • Audience Introduction and Information - • Transition from Prison to Community (TPC) - Peggy Burke, Center for Effective Public Policy (CEPP) • Transition from Jail to Community (TJC) - Jesse Jannetta, The Urban Institute • Questions and Discussion

3. NIC’s Interest in Transition • 1985-2000: Decision-making & Violations Policies ► Systems Change & Collaboration. • NIC has an overarching concern for public safety…. Taking Several Forms. • Big increases in number of released offenders each year. • Transition practices are often fragmented and compartmentalized. • Stakeholders compete rather than cooperate.

4. Involve multiple stakeholders Concentrate on reforming systems Transition starts at admission – or before Risk-reduction reforms are driven by evidence-based practices Monitor performance and evaluate Critical NIC/TPC/TJC Principles

5. Transition/Reentry Climate • Learned much since 2000: from theory to practice • Much more awareness and interest in offender’s returning to local communities • Not just the job of “corrections” anymore • Multiple agencies and organizations investing • Consistent and complimentary messages and tools • Economy is changing attitudes & opportunities

6. Transition From Jail to Community The Urban Institute; Amy Solomon, Project Director • Two Learning Sites over past year: Douglas County, KS, and Denver, CO • Four more jurisdictions began to receive two years’ implementation assistance Sept. 10: Orange County, CA Kent County, MI Lacross County, WI Davidson County, TN • Future products will document what is learned.

7. Transition From Prison to Community Center For Effective Public Policy; Peggy Burke, Project Director Phase I : Oregon, Missouri, Michigan, North Dakota, Indiana, New York, Rhode Island, Georgia (Began in 2001 and ended in 2009) Phase II : Kentucky, Tennessee, Texas. Wyoming, Iowa, Minnesota. (Began in November 2009 and will receive assistance for about 21/2 years.)

8. Transition from Prison to the Community—An Initiative of the National Institute of Corrections • Overview by Peggy Burke, Project Director Center for Effective Public Policy • Prepared for presentation at APPA 2010 Winter Institute Tuesday, February 2, 2010, 8:30 – 10:00 a.m.

9. TPC’s Primary Goal • To enhance the successful transition of offenders from prison to the community in order to enhance public safety and reduce future victimization through recidivism reduction.

10. Supervision and Services Law Abiding Citizen Assessment and Classification Behavior and Programming Admission to Prison Release Preparation Release/ Revocation Violation Aftercare Discharge Sentencing The TPC Model Transition From Prison to Community Release Authority Community Supervision Prison Human Services Agencies Institutional Phase Community Phase Re-Entry Phase TPC Integrated Case Management IA, KY, MN, TN, TX, WY GA, IN, MI, MO, ND, NY, OR, RI Transition from Prison to Community Initiative

11. TPC…. • Round One--8 states: GA, IN, MI, MO, ND, NY, OR, RI • Duration: from 4 years –8 years • Round Two—6 states: IA, KY, MN, TN, TX, WY—beginning Oct 09 • NIC—through CEPP—has provided technical assistance and the guidance of the “TPC Model” • Distinctive among many national/local efforts • Second round involves Urban Institute with a focus on measurement

12. Distinctive aspects of TPC: • Its goal is public safety through offender success • Leadership • Change agents—collaborative teams • Focused on system change • Based on evidence • Targets by risk and need to reduce recidivism • Demands measurable outcomes • Recidivism reduction • System change • “reentry indicators”—employment, education, reduced drug use, access to services, etc. • Driven by a rational implementation process based on good information about current practice and what works

13. A Roadmap for Implementing the TPC Model Form and Charter Teams Expand Partnerships Target and Implement Change Clarify and Affirm Vision and Mission Assessment and Classification Behavior and Programming Release Preparation Release/Revocation Supervision/Services Identify Opportunities To Introduce Evidence-Based Practice Understand And Evaluate The “NOW”

14. Sites Participating in First Round of TPC Data from the Bureau of Justice Assistance Web Site and the U.S. Census Bureau

15. Lessons—Key Ingredients of Success • Commitment of key leadership of critical partners • Ability to assign reasonable staff support • Infrastructure—capacity for planning, analysis • Balancing pressure for change with distractions • Perseverance

16. Successful reentry depends upon a seamless and collaborative process from admission to discharge….It also requires us all to do business differently. A Critical Insight

17. Seeks to move from: • From: • Custody/monitoring • Silos • Agency isolation • Unproven methods • Measuring inputs • Offender failure • To: • Behavior change • Coherent process • Collaboration • Using what works • Measuring outcomes • Offender success and public safety

18. Barriers • This is about system change—the major barrier is the system itself—it’s HUGE • The current system is designed to punish and incapacitate—not to change behavior • Inertia • Ingrained ways of doing business • Lack of skills, tools, for mid-level and line staff • Silos • Population pressures that make access to programs difficult • Budget pressure

19. KEY ASSETS • Realization that successful transition is about public safety • Collaborative change teams—within the system and with external partners • Community interest has been stimulated….should be a significant source of resources • Cross-training—examining together the current situation—problems, resources, possible solutions • Budget pressure—forces redeployment

20. GEORGIA • Implemented new assessment protocol--COMPAS • Electronic sharing of reentry plans between institutions and the field • Developing “dash board measures” in order to track progress • Increasing percentage of successful completions of parole

21. INDIANA • Plainfield Educational Reentry Facility • In-reach by local resources • Developing a quality assurance capability

22. MICHIGAN • 11,925 MPRI offenders, 9,388 of them released • 2007 data show a 26% improvement in return to prison rates over pre-MPRI population • Dedicated staff to implementing Collaborative Case Management--training of staff on case management • Review of all institutional programs to assess compliance with EBP

23. MISSOURI • Transitional Housing Units operate in 11 institutions state-wide • Missouri Reentry Process (MRP) Steering Teams now serve every county in the State of Missouri • MRP has successfully spanned THREE administration

24. NEW YORK • Established a dedicated “Offender Reentry Unit” within the Division of Criminal Justice Services • Implementing new approaches to risk and need assessments (COMPAS) • Formed Local Reentry Task Forces to do team-based case management

25. NORTH DAKOTA • Total reorganization of the Department of Corrections • Using the LSI-R and focusing case plans upon high risk cases and criminogenic needs • Developing a Transition Accountability Plan that will move with offender from admission to discharge from supervision

26. OREGON • ”Balanced Scorecard” • Governor’s Reentry Policy Council established by Executive Order • Working groups on housing, employment and mental health

27. RHODE ISLAND • Governor has established “Steering Committee on Prisoner Reentry” by Executive Order • Risk assessment (LSI-R) in place as is a new case plan format geared specifically to the domains of need identified for each offender • New discharge planning process • Comprehensive case management based on assessment is under development

28. OUTCOMES • MISSOURI--Decreasing rates of recidivism (return to prison) 6 and 12 month follow-ups (23% down to 15%, 37% down to 30%) • GEORGIA—Upward trend in successful completions of parole 2005-2007 ( 66% up to 71%) • MICHIGAN--MPRI outcomes through August 2007 -- 26% improvement in total returns to prison (net 400 fewer returns to prison)

29. Major Resources Respond to the Overwhelming Interest in Transition and Reentry • Major federal focus on transition and reentry • Transition from Prison to the Community • Transition from Jail to the Community • Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative • The President’s Prisoner Reentry Initiative • Second Chance Act

30. Tools:COMPANION DOCUMENTS • TPC Reentry Handbook—Implementing the NIC Transition from Prison to the Community Model • Increasing Public Safety Through Successful Offender Reentry: Evidence-Based and Emerging Practices in Corrections • Integrated Case Management Handbook: Lessons from Implementing the NIC Transition from Prison to the Community (TPC) Model (in press)

31. Sites Participating in the Second Round of TPC Data from the Bureau of Justice Assistance Web Site and the U.S. Census Bureau

32. Work under way in new sites to be completed by May 15, 2010: • Policy Team Formation • Development of a Transition “Vision” • Documenting Current Practice • Identifying Targets of Change • Recommendations to the Policy Team • Development of Workplan to Implement beginning after May 15, 2010

33. Iowa • Focusing on reentry for some time • Conducted a state-wide training in September 2008 and a follow-up in spring 2009 • Developed “models” for urban and rural reentry approaches • Governor’s Ex-Offender Reentry Coordinating Council

34. Iowa • Working to bring innovations in some areas of the state into common practice everywhere in the state • Further developing a state-wide case management and information sharing system • Development of “quality assurance” system • Bringing non-correctional partners to the table • Developing approaches tailored for both urban and rural areas

35. Kentucky—prior to TPC • Executive Order establishing a statewide reentry effort • Established a Reentry Coordinator position within DOC • Involved in strong local reentry efforts (Lexington and Louisville) • Received BJA reentry training for 250 staff

36. Kentucky (cont’d) • Establishing a multidisciplinary statewide reentry steering team—operations level • DOC Reentry Task Force—the “spark plug” • Implementing an assessment tool for all offenders • Evaluating programming re: EBP standards • Charters developed for task force and team work • Developing a system map for the process

37. Minnesota • Comprehensive Offender Reentry Plan (MNCOR) 2007 Reentry Pilot Project in Five Counties (Ramsey, Hennepin, Dodge, Fillmore and Olmstead) • Early release planning in the institution • Collaboration between institutional caseworkers and supervisions agents • Increased access to critical reentry services in the community

38. Minnesota • Results to Date • Participation in the pilot project reduced recidivism: • Lowered the risk of rearrest for a new offense by 37% • Decreased the risk of reconviction for new crime by 43% • Reduced the risk of reincarceration for a new felony offense by 57% • Did not have statistically significant effect when recidivism was measured as a return to prison for a technical revocation • TPC challenge to build on this initiative, create collaborations statewide, and implement the full model

39. Tennessee • State team co-chaired by DOC Commissioner and Parole Board Chair • Working on transition since 2004—under the Tennessee Reentry Cooperative (TREC) • Implementing a Transition Accountability Plan statewide • Implementing LSCMI statewide • Working on a state-wide vision and “system map”

40. Texas • The Texas Department of Criminal Justice reorganization--created a “reentry unit,” and has received a legislative mandate to report a reentry plan by Sep 1, 2010  • The TDCJ and Parole Board have developed a Steering Committee for TPC, chaired by the TDCJ Executive Director and the Parole

41. Texas • Vision statement in development • Sub-committees formed to focus on:  • Assessment issues • Case planning • Programming • Transition and Release • Community Supervision • Data/information/evaluation issues

42. Wyoming • Has established a state-wide policy team and a working steering team • Subcommittees have been organized around topics to: • Identify desired outcomes • Assess current status • Identify problems • Make recommendations

43. Wyoming – focus of work groups • Information and data • Performance measurement; • Information sharing • Assessment, case management and programming • Transition and release • Community partners, and • Supervision

44. Work with these new states will benefit from: • A vibrant “reentry movement” • Public safety clearly understood as the core goal • Collaboration and involvement of non-correctional stakeholders clearly understood and embraced • Risk reduction and recidivism reduction sought as outcomes

45. Work with these new states will benefit from: • Sentencing—courts coming to the reentry table • State-level policy collaboration becoming the norm • Risk/Needs assessments implemented at admission • Case plan development with targeted interventions

46. This round will benefit from: • More tools available • More experience available • The inclusion of specific performance measurement technical assistance—Urban Institute • Round One Sites have agreed to serve as resources

47. TPC Performance Measurement Along Three Dimensions • System Change • Use of assessment • Provision of case management • Targeted interventions • Collaboration • Reentry Indicators • Employment • Housing • Substance abuse treatment/desistance • Mental and physical health • Public Safety • Successful completion of supervision • Re-arrest, reconviction, readmission to prison

48. Performance measurement challenges in TPC states • Incorporating TPC into existing performance measurement • Getting consistency in goals over time • Measurement in system vs. program performance • Moving from performance measurement to performance management

49. Contacts & Information Kermit Humphries, Program Specialist, National Institute of Corrections khumphries@bop.gov 202-514-0118 www.nicic.org/tpci Peggy Burke, Principal Center for Effective Public Policy pburke@cepp.com301-589-9383www.cepp.com Jesse Jannetta, Research Associate The Urban Institute JJannetta@urban.org202-261-5593www.urban.org

50. Download Documents • TPC Handbook • http://nicic.org/Downloads/PDF/Library/022669.pdf • SVORI Handbook • http://www.cepp.com/documents/CEPP%20SVORI_final.pdf