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Chemical Periodicity

Chemical Periodicity. Atomic Size. Size increases as you go down in any column Size decreases from left to right in any row. Ionic Size. Size increases as total charge decreases C +2 > C +4 F -1 > F. Rank the elements from their atomic number from smallest to largest. 9, 55, 13, 11, & 1.

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Chemical Periodicity

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  1. ChemicalPeriodicity

  2. Atomic Size • Size increases as you go down in any column • Size decreases from left to right in any row

  3. Ionic Size • Size increases as total charge decreases • C+2 > C+4 • F-1 > F

  4. Rank the elements from their atomic number from smallest to largest 9, 55, 13, 11, & 1

  5. Ionization Energy • The energy required to remove electrons from atoms or ions

  6. 1st Ionization Energy • Decreases as you go down any column • Increases from left to right on any row • Fr <<<<<<<<<<<<<He

  7. Shielding Effect • The further away an electron is from the nucleus, the more electron clouds lie between the electron & the nucleus

  8. Drill: • Arrange the following atoms from lowest to highest 1st ionization energies: • 2, 20, 14, 55, 7

  9. Review HW • Problems: • 40 – 42 & 57 – 64 • on pages 170 & 171

  10. Ionization Energies • 2nd > 1st • 3rd > 2nd • Massive increase when a shell is emptied

  11. Electron Affinity • The attraction of electrons by an atom

  12. Electron Affinity • Decreases as you go down any column • Increases from left to right across any row • Fr <<<<<<<<<<<< F

  13. Electronegativity • The attraction of shared pairs of electrons by an atom

  14. Electronegativity • Decreases as you go down any column • Increases from left to right across any row • Fr <<<<<<<<<<<< F

  15. Metallic Character • Increases as you go down any column • Decreases from left to right across any row

  16. Reactivity • Metals 1A > 2A > 3A • Metals increase down • Nonmetals increase as you get closer to F

  17. Metal Oxides • When dissolved in water, make basic solutions • Sometimes called basic anhydrides • MgO, Na2O, etc

  18. Non-metal Oxides • When dissolved in water, make acidic solutions • Sometimes called acid anhydrides • CO2, SO2, SO3, NO2

  19. Metal Hydrides • Metals bonded to H • When dissolved in water, make basic solutions • NaH, MgH2, AlH3, etc

  20. Non-metal Hydrides • Non-metals bonded to H • When dissolved in water, make acidic solutions • HCl, H2S, HBr, etc • Exception: NH3

  21. Place the following elements in largest to smallest order with respect to: 1) diameter 2) 1st ionization energy 3) electronegativity 4) metalic character • Elements #: 1,5, 8, 15, 56

  22. Identify as ionic, covalent, or metallic bonds Na-Cl Fe-Cr S-Cl H-Cl Mg-S C-C N-O Fe-Fe

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